Table 1. General characteristics between depression group and non-depression group.
| Variables | 19–29 years | p-value | 30–49 years | p-value | 50–64 years | p-value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression Group | Non-Depression Group | Depression Group | Non-Depression Group | Depression Group | Non-Depression Group | ||||
| (n = 45) | (n = 322) | (n = 119) | (n = 958) | (n = 151) | (n = 641) | ||||
| Age, years | 23.6 ± 0.5† | 24.1 ± 0.2 | 0.327 | 40.9 ± 0.6 | 39.6 ± 0.2 | 0.028 | 56.7 ± 0.4 | 56.4 ± 0.2 | 0.508 |
| Weight, kg | 58.5 ± 1.7 | 56.0 ± 0.7 | 0.197 | 59.1 ± 1.0 | 58.0 ± 0.3 | 0.297 | 56.9 ± 0.6 | 59.5 ± 0.4 | 0.0004 |
| Height, cm | 162.4 ± 1.1 | 161.9 ± 0.3 | 0.653 | 160.2 ± 0.5 | 159.5 ± 0.2 | 0.231 | 154.6 ± 0.5 | 155.9 ± 0.2 | 0.009 |
| Waist circumference, cm‡ | 72.7 ± 1.3 | 70.8 ± 0.7 | 0.197 | 77.0 ± 0.9 | 75.1 ± 0.3 | 0.045 | 79.9 ± 0.7 | 80.5 ± 0.4 | 0.415 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.1 ± 0.6 | 21.4 ± 0.3 | 0.269 | 23.0 ± 0.4 | 22.8 ± 0.1 | 0.494 | 23.8 ± 0.2 | 24.5 ± 0.2 | 0.007 |
| Education | - | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Elementary school or less | 0 (0.0)§ | 4 (0.9) | 5 (4.4) | 26 (2.5) | 72 (48.5) | 216 (33.9) | |||
| Middle school graduate | 0 (0.0) | 7 (2.3) | 12 (9.7) | 32 (3.3) | 29 (20.2) | 137 (20.9) | |||
| High school graduate | 27 (60.9) | 150 (45.0) | 57 (48.5) | 409 (43.6) | 44 (28.1) | 213 (33.3) | |||
| College or more | 18 (39.1) | 160 (51.8) | 45 (37.5) | 490 (50.6) | 6 (3.2) | 75 (11.9) | |||
| Frequency of alcohol | 0.073 | 0.0001 | 0.010 | ||||||
| None | 4 (7.3) | 26 (8.3) | 20 (17.2) | 137 (15.5) | 34 (31.0) | 123 (23.1) | |||
| ≤ 1 time/month | 18 (45.4) | 132 (44.6) | 41 (36.5) | 375 (44.5) | 41 (36.6) | 239 (47.1) | |||
| 2–4 times/month | 6 (17.8) | 99 (33.8) | 25 (24.4) | 233 (25.9) | 24 (19.0) | 97 (19.3) | |||
| 2–3 times/week | 12 (22.1) | 37 (11.0) | 11 (10.1) | 107 (12.3) | 9 (6.4) | 38 (8.9) | |||
| ≥ 4 times/week | 3 (7.3) | 5 (2.2) | 11 (11.7) | 19 (1.8) | 6 (7.0) | 9 (1.6) | |||
| Smoking | 0.002 | 0.0002 | 0.012 | ||||||
| Current smoker | 13 (28.4) | 31 (9.7) | 19 (18.0) | 58 (6.4) | 12 (8.8) | 19 (3.0) | |||
| Past smoker | 3 (5.5) | 30 (9.2) | 9 (8.4) | 46 (5.6) | 6 (5.4) | 20 (2.7) | |||
| Non-smoker | 29 (66.1) | 261 (81.1) | 91 (73.5) | 854 (88.0) | 133 (85.9) | 602 (94.2) | |||
| Moderate physical activity∥ | 0.075 | 0.316 | 0.329 | ||||||
| No | 42 (91.3) | 314 (97.6) | 112 (92.2) | 910 (94.8) | 146 (96.8) | 606 (94.9) | |||
| Yes | 3 (8.7) | 8 (2.4) | 7 (7.8) | 47 (5.2) | 5 (3.2) | 35 (5.1) | |||
BMI: body mass index.
*p-values for continuous variables by t-test, for categorical variables by Chi-square test; †Mean ± SD (standard deviation); ‡Waist circumference criteria: ≥ 85 cm (women), ≥ 90 cm (men): Korean Society for the Study of Obesity; §n (%); llModerate physical activity: ≥ half-hour/1 time, ≥ 5 days/week.