Table 2. Characteristics of psychosis and measurements of IgG antibodies to the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in 10 patients with narcolepsy type 1 comorbid with psychosis.
Case 1 S-925 Spain | Case 2 NUR-055 Spain | Case 3 S-462 Spain | Case 4 S-412 Spain | Case 5 WG France | Case 6 CT France | Case 7 LG France | Case 8 MR France | Case 9 JM France | Case 10 NY France | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auditory hallucinations | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Psychiatric hospitalization required | Yes, 24 days | Yes, 1 month | No | No | No | Yes, 2 weeks | Yes, several months | Yes, 3 weeks | No | Yes, several months |
Age at onset of first psychosis episode | 15 (a few months before narcolepsy) | 27 (19 years after narcolepsy) | 17 (at sleepiness onset) | 7 (at sleepiness onset) | 39 (24 years after narcolepsy) | 47 (21 years after narcolepsy) | 45 (12 years after narcolepsy) | 23 (13 years after narcolepsy) | 30 (1 year after sleepiness onset but few weeks after modafinil) | 22 (10 years after narcolepsy) |
Triggering factors | No | No | No But worsening after modafinil | No But worsening after sodium oxybate | Heroin and cocaine abuse | Sodium Oxybate | Mazindol | Cannabis | Modafinil and then methylphenidate | No |
Medications for psychiatric symptoms | Clozapine 150 mg/d | Aripiprazole 30 mg/d | Risperidone 3 mg/d Ziprasidone 80 mg/d | Olanzapine 15 mg/d Fluoxetine 20 mg for compulsive eating | Methadone 130 mg/d | Alimemazine 15 mg/d | Olanzapine 15 mg/d | Aripiprazole 15 mg/d | No drugs | Aripiprazole 20 mg/d |
IgG antibodies to NMDA receptor | Negative (CSF) | Negative (serum) | Negative (CSF) | Negative (serum) | Negative (serum) | Negative (serum) | Negative (serum) | Negative (serum) | Negative (serum) | na |