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. 2016 Apr 18;113(17):4570–4578. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1601266113

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

A framework for crafting usable knowledge for sustainable development. The coproduction relations of social–environmental systems are understood through lenses seeing them as innovation, complex, adaptive, and political systems (knowing). Capacities to mobilize this understanding for creating usable knowledge are needed in the realms of stakeholder collaboration, social learning, knowledge governance, and researcher training (doing).