Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects (n = 533)
| Control (n = 313) | BD1 (n = 112) | BD2 (n = 108) | Statistics (F or χ2) | P-value | Post hoc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 33.5 ± 9.2 | 33.9 ± 1.3 | 35.0 ± 1.3 | 0.0734 | 0.481 | |
| Sex | 3.766 | 0.15 | ||||
| Male | 122 (39.0 %) | 39 (34.8 %) | 31 (28.7 %) | |||
| Female | 191 (61.0 %) | 73 (65.2 %) | 77 (71.3 %) | |||
| Education, n (%) | 36.162 | <0.001 | Control > BD1, BD2 | |||
| College graduate or more | 254 (81.1 %) | 65 (58.6 %) | 61 (56.6 %) | |||
| Hypomania scores (mean ± SD) | ||||||
| HCL-32 total | 14.7 ± 5.4 | 16.1 ± 6.7 | 17.6 ± 6.5 | 10.527 | <0.001 | BD2 > Control |
| Active/elated | 12.4 ± 4.7 | 11.9 ± 5.0 | 13.0 ± 4.9 | 1.401 | 0.247 | |
| Irritable/risk-taking | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 3.9 ± 3.0 | 4.5 ± 2.8 | 49.280 | <0.001 | BD2, BD1 > Control |
Post hoc: Scheffe’s test for continuous measures, pair-wise chi-square test for categorical measures
BD1 bipolar I disorder, BD2 bipolar II disorder, HCL-32 hypomania checklist 32