Table 1.
Characteristics of participants who completed the study stratified by group allocation
| Variable | Intervention | Control | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 98) | (n = 109) | ||
| At the time of the intervention | |||
| Maternal age (years) – mean ± SD | 17.4 ± 1.5 | 17.5 ± 1.4 | 0.675 |
| Maternal educational attainment ≥ 8 years – n (%) | 55 (56.1) | 55 (50.5) | 0.499 |
| Infant birth weight (g) – mean ± SD | 3252 ± 421 | 3252 ± 428 | 0.995 |
| Per capita income (MWa) – median (interquartile range) | 0.5 (0.3–0.6) | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 0.685 |
| Infant sex, male – n (%) | 45 (45.9) | 56 (51.4) | 0.519 |
| Maternal skin color, white – n (%) | 62 (63.3) | 67 (61.5) | 0.902 |
| Mode of delivery, vaginal – n (%) | 73 (74.5) | 81 (74.3) | 1.000 |
| Primiparity – n (%) | 88 (89.8) | 89 (81.7) | 0.143 |
| Cohabiting with partner – n (%) | 57 (58.2) | 68 (62.4) | 0.633 |
| Cohabiting with maternal grandmother – n (%) | 64 (65.3) | 53 (48.6) | 0.023 |
| At the latest assessment | |||
| Maternal age (years) – mean ± SD | 23.9 ± 4.0 | 24.4 ± 1.7 | 0.305 |
| Child age (years) – mean ± SD | 5.82 ± 0.52 | 6.30 ± 0.36 | <0.001 |
| Per capita income (MW) – median (interquartile range) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.814 |
| Other children born – n (%) | 36 (36.7) | 42 (38.9) | 0.861 |
| Maternal educational attainment, ≥ 8 years – n (%) | 76 (80.9) | 72 (67.3) | 0.044 |
| Maternal employment outside the home – n (%) | 49 (52.1) | 63 (58.3) | 0.457 |
| Cohabitation with maternal grandmother – n (%) | 30 (31.3) | 25 (23.4) | 0.270 |
| Cohabitation with paternal grandmother – n (%) | 3 (3.2) | 10 (9.3) | 0.138 |
| Cohabitation with partner – n (%) | 57 (60.6) | 76 (71.0) | 0.160 |
SD Standard deviation
aMW = minimum wage (US$ 195.00 at the time of the study)