Table 4.
Genes differentially expressed under various nutrient limitations
| Metabolic function | CH vs. CL* | NH vs. NL | NH vs. CH | NL vs. CL | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | |
| Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Transcription | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| Replication, recombination and repair | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Energy production and conversion | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Amino acid transport and metabolism | 12 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 17 | 5 | 7 | 1 |
| Nucleotide transport and metabolism | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| Carbohydrate transport and metabolism | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 8 |
| Coenzyme transport and metabolism | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 5 |
| Lipid transport and metabolism | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Inorganic ion transport and metabolism | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 11 | 5 |
| Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 9 |
| Cellular processing and signaling | 6 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 32 | 9 | 38 | 6 |
| Poorly Characterized | 9 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 27 | 9 | 36 | 20 |
| Total | 48 | 47 | 26 | 13 | 121 | 45 | 142 | 70 |
*Carbon-limitation at high (CH) and low (CL) dilution rate, and nitrogen-limitation at high (NH) and low (NL) dilution rate are compared to extract gene modulation due to limitation (NH vs. CH and NL vs. CL) and growth rate (CH vs. CL and NH vs. NL) changes