Fig. 4.
Bias and mean squared error (MSE) in the estimated environmental autocorrelation, for data generated from a given lag with the Gompertz model with an ARMA(1,1) error structure. A) The estimated bias when performing model selection using AICc, B) the corresponding estimated mean squared error in . C) The estimated bias present when using estimates from the lag-1 model, and D) the corresponding estimated mean squared error in estimator.