Table 2.

Summary of the incremental economic costs of persistent symptoms of dengue in Mexico (in millions of 2012 U.S. dollars)

	Direct costs*	Indirect costs†	Total
Persistent symptoms
Subtotal	1.95	20.68	22.64
95% CL	0.63–2.88	11.22–27.53	13.01–29.45
Acute illness‡
Hospitalized	22.56	2.71	25.27
Ambulatory	41.24	12.71	53.95
Fatal	–	7.57	7.57
Subtotal	63.80	22.99	86.79
95% CL	26.25–117.78	11.21–41.41	67.33–208.58
Surveillance and vector control§			82.92
Total annual costs∥	65.75	43.67	192.34
95% CL	41.59–165.93	35.12–95.44	170.64–325.25

CL = confidence level.

Based on estimates from a systematic literature review. 95% CL denotes 95% certainty level for the total estimates.

^*Direct costs of persistent dengue symptoms assume one medication per month. The economic burden of dengue in Mexico by Undurraga and others¹⁰ was based on adjusted annual dengue episodes and vector control in 2010 and 2011.

^†Indirect costs consider only adults, no children because of correlation between older age and persistent symptoms.

^‡The costs of acute symptoms of dengue are based on the estimates by Undurraga and others¹⁰.

^§Surveillance and vector control denotes the costs of surveillance and vector control based on the Ministry of Health annual budget.

^∥Total annual costs represent the estimated annual economic burden of dengue associated with persistent symptoms, acute illness, and surveillance and vector control costs. The 95% CL includes simultaneous variation of all parameters shown in Supplemental Table 2. On the basis of the regression results (Figure 1), we assumed that no patients had work-limiting symptoms after 11 months.