Table 2.

Summary of degradation products identified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry after “forced degradation” of artemisinin-based combination therapies in an oven at 60°C for up to 21 days

Formulation	API (retention time)	Degradant (retention time)	Figure (chromatogram/spectrum)
AS/AQ Winthrop®	AS (6.5 minutes); AQ (3.0 minutes)	D1 (4.7 minutes); D2 (8.3 minutes)	Figure 2A and B/Supplemental Figures 2 and 3
AM/LUM Coartem®	AM (6.6 minutes); LUM (5.2 minutes)	L1 (3.8 minutes); L2 (4.5 minutes); D3 (3.9 minutes); D4-D6 (4.0–5.2 minutes)	Figure 2C and D/Supplemental Figures 2 and 3
DHA/PIP Waipa	α-DHA (7.2 minutes); β-DHA (9.3 minutes)	D2 (7.9 minutes); D3/D7 (4.5-5.5 minutes); D8 (6.2 minutes); D9 (6.6 minutes)	Figure 2E and F/Supplemental Figures 2 and 3

AM = artemether; API = active pharmaceutical ingredient; AS = artesunate; AQ = amodiaquine; DHA = dihydroartemisinin; LUM = lumefantrine; PIP = piperaquine.