Table 1. Participant Clinical and Demographic Characteristics.
| PD patients, mean (SD) | Controls, mean (SD) | Difference (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male:female | 19 : 11 | 41 : 34 | NS |
| Age (years) | 67 (7.3) | 67.1 (8.4) | NS |
| Education (years) | 14.2 (3.6) | 14.8 (4.0) | NS |
| MMSE | 28.4 (1.7) | 29.2 (1.1) | 0.009 |
| Category fluency | 18.3 (5.5) | 24.3 (6.2) | 0.0001 |
| Letter fluency | 16.0 (4.4) | 18.3 (5.7) | NS |
| Digit span forward | 7.0 (1.1) | 7.3 (0.8) | NS |
| Digit span backward | 5.5 (1.2) | 6.0 (1.3) | NS |
| Disease duration (years) | 10.5 (4.4) | — | — |
| LED (mg per day) | 870 (469) | — | — |
| UPDRS III ‘on' | 22.6 (6.8) | — | — |
| Atomoxetine plasma concentration (ng/ml) | 372.1 (167.4) | — | — |
Abbreviations: LED, levodopa equivalent dose; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; NS, nonsignificant; PD, Parkinson's disease; UPDRS III, the Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale motor subscale.
Groups are compared by unpaired t-test or χ2 test as appropriate (NS, p>0.05 uncorrected). LED according to the formula of Tomlinson et al (2010).