Table 3.

Adjusted associations between characteristics of thoracentesis/pleural effusion and mortality among patients undergoing thoracentesis.

	30 Day Mortality		1 Year Mortality
Characteristic	Hazard Ratio (95%CI)	p-value	Hazard Ratio (95%CI)	p-value
Thoracentesis*
Bilateral	2.58 (1.44, 4.63)	0.002	2.32 (1.55, 3.48)	<0.001
Etiology †
CHF	0.33 (0.13, 0.85)	0.021	0.28 (0.15, 0.54)	0.001
Infectious Disease	0.20 (0.09, 0.45)	<0.001	0.20 (0.12, 0.33)	<0.001
Liver disease	0. 09 (0.01, 0.71)	0.022	0.17 (0.07, 0.45)	0.003
Multiple Benign Etiologies	0.43 (0.20, 0.90)	0.024	0.36 (0.21, 0.61)	<0.001
Paramalignant	0.59 (0.28, 1.25)	0.164	0.87 (0.54, 1.40)	0.568
Renal disease	0.24 (0.05, 1.07)	0.061	0.37 (0.17, 0.81)	0.013
Covariates
Age in years	0.99 (0.97, 1.01)	0.430	1.01 (0.97, 1.02)	0.361
Male sex	0.96 (0.58, 1.60)	0.877	1.07 (0.77, 1.40)	0.686
Nonwhite race	0.63 (0.28, 1.42)	0.262	0.98 (0.61, 1.58)	0.937
Number of comorbidities	1.21 (1.05, 1.39)	0.009	1.19 (1.09, 1.30)	<0.001

^*referent to unilateral;

^†referent to malignant