Table 2.

Risk factors for bacteremia relating to access type and patient status

Country	Risk factor	Relative risk bacteremia	Reference
Canada	Prior access infection (vs. no prior access infection)	3.33 (95 %CI 2.1–5.2)	[1]
Canada	30 days post-access type change (vs. continued HD modality)	1.56 (95 %CI 1.02–2.4)	[1]
Canada	Cuffed catheter (vs. AVF)	8.49 (95 %CI 3.0–23.8)	[1]
Canada	Uncuffed catheter (vs. AVF)	9.87 (95 %CI 3.5–28.2)	[1]
	Catheter vs. AV Graft	7.6 (95 %CI 3.7–15.6)	[19]
USA	Chronic HD vs. non-HD patients	1.8 (95 %CI 1.1–3.1)	[2]
France	Immunosuppressive therapy (vs. no immunosuppressive treatment)	3.0 (95 %CI 1.0–6.1)	[19]
France	Prior access infection (vs. no prior access infection)	7.3 (95 %CI 3.2–16.4)	[19]
Denmark	S. aureus bacteremia with CVC (vs. none); general inpatient population not specific to ESRD	6.9 (95 %CI 2.8–17.0)	[20]