Table 3.

Adjusted estimated effect of ownership of mosquito net on malaria mortality in three models for Ifakara HDSS

	M1	M2	M3
	IRR (95 % CI)	IRR (95 % CI)	IRR (95 % CI)
All age
Intercept	0.0005 (0.00, 0.007)	0.0203 (0.00, 2.376)	0.0215 (0.00, 2.495)
Mosquito nets	0.885 (0.830, 0.879)	0.879 (0.806, 0.959)	0.887 (0.812, 0.970)
Annual rainfall	1.015 (0.999, 1.031)	1.008 (0.986, 1.030)	1.006 (0.983, 1.027)
Average temperature	1.007 (0.996, 1.017)	0.993 (0.975, 1.009)	0.993 (0.974, 1.009)
Mean NDVI	1.066 (1.016, 1.118)	1.031 (0.972, 1.0935)	1.022 (0.961, 1.086)
Spatial random effect		87.4 (11.7, 347.2)	82.9 (10.9325.9)
Temporal random effect		25.7 (5.3, 72.4)	24.7 (5.1, 69.9)
Spatial–temporal random effect			18,607.1 (1277.5, 67, 205.5)
DIC	1305.891	1226.043	1241.542
Under five
Intercept	0.003 (0.00, 0.055)	0.010 (0.00, 1.208)	0.011 (0.00, 1.428)
Mosquito nets	0.883 (0.812, 0.961)	0.899 (0.816, 0.995)	0.904 (0.818, 1.003)
Annual rainfall	1.016 (0.995, 1.038)	1.013 (0.988, 1.039)	1.012 (0.987, 1.038)
Average temperature	1.007 (0.993, 1.021)	0.999 (0.981, 1.017)	0.999 (0.980, 1.017)
Mean NDVI	1.048 (0.983, 1.117)	1.026 (0.956, 1.099)	1.020 (0.949, 1.096)
Spatial random effect		27,728.7 (3108.7, 87, 940.7)	27,988.6 (3083.7, 87,704.5)
Temporal random effect		54.137 (6.794, 186.754)	47.28 (6.32, 160.28)
Spatial–temporal random effect			18,164.1 (1237.6, 65, 880.6)
DIC	1061.281	1047.046	1062.05

The effect of rainfall was estimated for every 100-mm increase in mean total annual rainfall, and the effect of mosquito net for every 10 % increase in household ownership

The effect of NDVI was estimated for every 0.1 increase in mean NDVI

IRR incidence rate ratio; M ₁ model without spatial and temporal random terms; M ₂ model with spatial and temporal random terms; M ₃ model with spatial and temporal random terms, and interaction