Figure 5. Electrochemical characterizations of the proposed SRFC.

(a) Photocharge curves of the SRFC in a 0.2 M HBr+1.0 M H₂SO₄ solution on the positive side and a 0.05 M AQDS+1.0 M H₂SO₄ solution on the negative side without the external bias under AM 1.5-G 100 mW cm⁻² illumination. The surface area of C/TiO₂/Ti/n⁺p-Si is 0.232 cm² and that of Pt/p⁺n-Si is 0.254 cm². The flow rates of the electrolytes are kept at 15 ml min⁻¹. (b) The discharge curve of the SRFC at constant current 0.5 mA cm⁻² under dark conditions.