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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Autism Res. 2015 Nov 11;9(3):350–375. doi: 10.1002/aur.1529

Table 1.

Shank3e4–9 Results of Statistical Analyses

Motor and Anxiety Tests (Fig. 4)
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Locomotor Habituation Beam Breaks Fig. 4A Sex, Genotype, & Bin 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,1224)=22.12, P < 2.851E-06; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,1224)=6.09, P < 0.0023; Main effect of Bin: F(1,1223)=78.58, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,1224)=5.005, P < 0.006; Main effect of Sex × Bin Interaction: F(23,1224) = 0.20, P = 0.99; Main effect of Genotype × Bin Interaction: F(46,1224)=0.48, P = 0.99; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Bin Interaction: F(46,1224) = 0.37, P = 0.99
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.747; WT vs. KO: P = 0.777; HET vs. KO: P = 0.998
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.999; WT vs. KO: P = 0.981; HET vs. KO: P = 0.987
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P = 0.734; HET: P = 0.327; KO: P = 0.392
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.137; WT vs. KO: P < 0.00248; HET vs. KO: P = 0.411
Ambulatory Movement Total beam breaks Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=11.93, P < 0.001; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.58, P = 0.56; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52) = 50.22, P = 0.79
Fine Movement Total beam breaks Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.03, P = 0.31; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.16, P = 0.84; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.04, P = 0.35
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Accelerated Rotarod Time to Fall off Fig. 4B Sex, Genotype, and Trial 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=40.81, P < 4.59E-10; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=4.81, P < 0.008; Main effect of Trial: F(7,408)=16.46, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.07, P = 0.93; Main effect of Sex × Trial Interaction: F(7,408)=1.21, P = 0.29; Main effect of Genotype × Trial Interaction: F(14,408)=50.25, P = 0.99, Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Trial Interaction: F(14,408)=0.45, P = 0.955
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (genotype) WT vs. HET: P < 0.017; WT vs. KO: P = 0.949; HET vs. KO: P < 0.039
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.064; WT vs. KO: P = 0.885; HET vs. KO: P = 0.056
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.111; WT vs. KO: P = 0.521; HET vs. KO: P = 0.399
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P < 0.0002; HET: P < 0.0003; KO: P < 0.011
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Open Field Time in Center Fig. 4C Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.854, P = 0.35; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.21, P = 0.21; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.28, P = 0.75
Frequency in Center Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.16, P = 0.28; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=2.33, P = 0.10; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.736, P = 0.48
Distance Travelled Fig. 4D Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; No main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.16, P = 0.28; No main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=2.33, P = 0.10; No main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.73, P = 0.48
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Dark/Light Latency to enter Light side Fig. 4E Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.75, P = 0.137; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.67, P = 0.51; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.61, P = 0.54
Time in Light Side Fig. 4F Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.58, P = 0.44; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.35, P = 0.70; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(1,52)=0.47, P = 0.62
Time in Dark Side Fig. 4F Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.58, P = 0.44; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.35, P = 0.70; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.47, P = 0.62
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Elevated Plus Maze Duration in Open Arms Fig. 4G Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.32, P = 0.56; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=51.58, P = 0.21; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.45, P = 0.63
Duration in Closed Arms Fig. 4G Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=3.24, P = 0.07; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=2.09, P = 0.13; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.47, P = 0.63
Total Distance travel Fig. 4H Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=7.67, P < 0.007; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.92, P = 0.40; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.1.21, P = 0.30
Post hoc Bonferroni Test of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P < 0.007, HET: P = 0.453; KO: P = 0.169
Marble burying test Marbles buried Fig. 4I Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.846, P = 0.09; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=1.124, P = 0.33; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.60, P = 0.21
Nest building test Nest Width Fig. 4J Sex, Genotype, Time 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,150)=8.13, P < 0.004; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,150)=1.19, P = 0.30; Main effect of Time: F(1,150)=7.01, P < 0.001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,150)=0.411, P = 0.66; Main effect of Sex × Time: F(2,150)=0.110, P = 0.895; Main effect of Genotype × Time: F(4,150)=0.411, P = 0.663; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Time: F(4,150)=0.18, P = 0.94
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.814; WT vs. KO: P = 0.72; HET vs. KO: P = 0.597
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.674; WT vs. KO: P = 0.106; HET vs. KO: P = 0.288
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P < 0.010, HET: P = 0.150, KO: P = 0.339
Nest Height Fig. 4K Sex, Genotype, Time 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,150)=57.03, P < 0.0088; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,150)=2.87, P = 0.059; Main effect of Time: F(1,150)=6.49, P < 0.0019; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,150)=0.659, P = 0.518; Main effect of Sex × Time: F(2,150)=0.015, P = 0.984; Main effect of Genotype × Time: F(4,150)=0.47, P = 0.756; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Time: F(4,150)=0.09, P = 0.98
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.596; WT vs. KO: P = 0.207; HET vs. KO: P = 0.557
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.222; WT vs. KO: P = 0.154; HET vs. KO: P < 0.019
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P = 0.146, HET: P < 0.011, KO: P = 0.380
Vocalization and Grooming (Fig. 5)
P4: N=8 WT, 20 HET, 6 KO; P6: N=21 WT, 10 HET, 14 KO; P8: N=26WT, 32 HET, 16 KO, P10: N=17 WT, 26 HET, 7 KO; P12: N=29 WT, 25 HET, 15 KO. Ultrasonic vocalization Number of Calls Fig. 5A Sex, Genotype, and Age 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,240)=0.519, P = 0.47; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,240)=8.23, P < 0.00035; Main effect of Day: F(4,240)=57.74, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,240)=2.68, P = 0.070; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(4,240)=0.156, P = 0.959; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(8,240)=2.63, P < 0.0088; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day: F(8,240)=0.168, P = 0.994
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.266, WT vs. KO: P < 0.00034, HET vs. KO: P < 0.0229
Planned Comparison: Day 4
WT vs. HET P < 0.029
WT vs. KO P < 0.003
HET vs. KO P = 0.098
Day 6
WT vs. HET P = 0.571
WT vs. KO P < 0.015
HET vs. KO P < 0.034
Day 8
WT vs. HET P = 0.893
WT vs. KO P = 0.882
HET vs. KO P = 0.810
Day 10
WT vs. HET P = 0.523
WT vs. KO P = 0.794
HET vs. KO P = 0.794
Day 12
WT vs. HET P < 0.043
WT vs. KO P = 0.928
HET vs. KO P = 0.135
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Grooming Time spent grooming Fig. 5B Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; No Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.85, P = 0.09; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=6.48, P < 0.0031; No main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=2.20, P = 0.12
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.231; WT vs. KO: P < 0.011; HET vs. KO: P = 0.523
Number of bouts Fig. 5C Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.77, P = 0.38; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.08, P = 0.91; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.08, P = 0.34
Time per bout (s) Fig. 5D Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.85, P = 0.09; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=6.48, P < 0.0031; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=2.20, P = 0.12
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.080; WT vs. KO: P < 0.0038; HET vs. KO: P = 0.577
Social Interaction (Fig. 6)
N = 10 WT, 8 HET, 10 KO pairs
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO		 Genotype and Sex matched social interaction Number of bouts Fig. 6A Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; No Main effect of Sex: F(1,54)=0.77, P = 0.38; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,54)=3.93, P < 0.02; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(1,54)=2.78, P = 0.07
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.23; WT vs. KO: P < 0.003, HET vs. KO: P = 0.28
Interaction time Fig. 6B Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; No Main effect of Sex: F(1,54)=1.53, P = 0.22; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,54)=7.95, P < 0.001; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(1,54)=0.52, P = 0.59
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.20; WT vs. KO: P < 0.0009, HET vs. KO: P = 0.15
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Total distance traveled Sex and Genotype 2-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,54)=2.57, P = 0.118; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,54)=0.471, P = 0.627; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(1,54)=2.06, P = 0.143
Social Interaction with Juvenile Interaction Time Fig. 6C Sex, Genotype, and Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=4.36, P = 0.059; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=1.47, P = 0.23; Main effect of Day: F(1, 52)=58.04, P < 0.000001; No main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=2.12, P = 0.12; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(2,52)=0.87, P = 0.53; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(2,52)=1.50, P = 0.20; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day: F(2,52)=1.03, P = 0.411
Among Days: Sex & Genotype Day 1 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=18.56, P < 0.00008; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=2.10, P = 0.13; Main effect of Sex and Genotype: F(1, 52)=0.427, P = 0.654;
Day 4 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=51.37, P < 3.27E-09; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=2.10, P = 0.20; Main effect of Sex and Genotype: F(1, 52)=0.581, P = 0.562;
Trial (Initial Test vs. Recognition Test) within each Genotype Planned Comparison WT: P < 0.000008, HET: P < 0.0005, KO: P < 0.00003
Interaction bouts Sex, Genotype, and Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.78, P = 0.184; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.251, P = 0.777; Main effect of Day: F(1,52)=61.49, P < 4.956E-12; No main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.123, P = 0.884; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(1,52)=0.563, P = 0.454; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(2,52)=1.94, P = 0.148; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day: F(2,52)=2.836, P = 0.063
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Social Interaction with a caged adult Interaction time Fig. 6D Sex, Genotype and Target; 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.49, P = 0.11; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.76, P = 0.46; Main effect of Target: F(1,106)=3.19, P = 0.07; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=2.31, P = 0.10; Main effect of Sex × Target: F(1,106)=1.50, P = 0.22; Main effect of Genotype × Target: F(2,106)=0.78, P = 0.45; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Target: F(1,106)=1.20, P = 0.48
Latency to interact Fig. 6E Sex & Genotype Trial 1 (empty) 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.02, P = 0.86; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=3.93, P < 0.026; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.23, P = 0.298
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.15; WT vs. KO: P < 0.03, HET vs. KO: P = 0.81
Sex & Genotype Trial 2 (caged mouse) 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.29, P = 0.260; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=1.11, P = 0.33; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.95, P = 0.39
Total distanced traveled Sex, Genotype, and Target 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.90, P = 0.33; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=0.140, P = 0.869; Main effect of Target: F(2,103)=6.06, P < 1.048E-08; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.07, P = 0.344; Main effect of Sex × Target Interaction: F(1,106)=0.931, P = 0.337; Main effect of Genotype × Target Interaction: F(2,103)=0.172, P = 0.841; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Target Interaction: F(1,106)=0.045, P = 0.955
Planned Comparison Inanimate WT vs. HET: P = 0.10; WT vs. KO: P < 0.008
Social WT vs. HET: P = 0.55; WT vs. KO: P = 26
Spatial Learning (Fig. 7)
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Object and Spatial Test Interaction Time(Baseline) Fig. 7B Sex, Genotype, Object 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=3.12, P = 0.07; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=4.23, P < 0.01; Main effect of Object: F(2,52)=0.25, P = 0.77; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.92, P = 0.39; Main effect of Sex × Object Interaction: F(2, 52)=1.81, P = 0.16; Main effect of Genotype × Object Interaction: F(4,143)=0.03, P = 0.99; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Target Interaction: F(4,143)=0.34, P = 0.84
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.871, WT vs. KO: P < 0.022, HET vs. KO: P = 0.146
Planned Comparison:
WT: Obj A vs. Obj B, Obj B vs. Obj C, Obj A vs. Obj C P = 0.711, P = 0.748, P = 0.673
HET Obj A vs. Obj B, Obj B vs. Obj C, Obj A vs. Obj C P = 0.930, P = 0.748, P = 0.798
KO Obj A vs. Obj B, Obj B vs. Obj C, Obj A vs. Obj C P = 0.963, P = 0.569, P = 0.607
Interaction Time (Spatial test 7C) Sex, Genotype, Object 3-way rmANOVA; No Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.49, P = 0.22; No Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=1.73, P = 0.18; Main effect of Object: F(2,143)=5.14, P < 0.007; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=1.45, P = 0.23; Main effect of Genotype × Object Interaction: F(4,143)=1.01, P = 0.40; Main effect of Sex × Object Interaction: F(2, 143)=0.79, P = 0.45; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Target Interaction: F(4,143)=0.18, P = 0.83
Planned Comparison:
WT:
Obj B vs. Obj C P = 0.39
Obj B vs. Obj A P < 0.018
Obj C vs. Obj A P < 0.004
HET:
Obj B vs. Obj C P = 0.25
Obj B vs. Obj A P = 0.94
Obj C vs. Obj A P = 0.11
KO:
Obj B vs. Obj C P = 0.96
Obj B vs. Obj A P = 0.32
Obj C vs. Obj A P = 0.42
Interaction Time (Familiar vs. Novel)Fig. 7D Sex, Genotype and Object 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=4.78, P = 0.0505; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,52)=11.49, P < 0.00003; Main effect of Object: F(2,143)=5.09, P < 0.007; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.27, P = 0.76; Main effect of Sex × Object Interaction: F(2,143)=0.704, P = 0.49; Main effect of Genotype × Object Interaction: F(4,143)=2.13, P = 0.08; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Object Interaction: F(4,143)=0.69, P = 0.59
Planned Comparison:
WT:
Obj B vs. Obj C P < 0.0034
Obj B vs. Obj B (Novel) P = 0.773
Obj C vs. Obj B (Novel) P < 0.0085
HET:
Obj B vs. Obj C P = 0.658
Obj B vs. Obj B (Novel) P = 0.250
Obj C vs. Obj B (Novel) P-0.140
KO:
Obj B vs. ObjC P = 0.161
Obj B vs. Obj B (Novel) P < 0.048
Obj C vs. Obj B (Novel) P = 0.859
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P < 0.036, WT vs. KO: P < 0.00003, HET vs. KO: P = 0.25
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Morris Water Maze Latency to Reach Platform Fig. 7E (training) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.42, P = 0.12; Main effect of Genotype: F(2, 52)=0.25, P = 0.77; Main effect of Day: F(10,290)=25.33, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=5.83, P < 0.0032; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=2.85, P < 0.01; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.82, P = 0.62; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.23, P = 0.99
Latency to Reach Platform Fig. 7E (Reversal) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=0.435, P = 0.51;Main effect of Genotype: F(2, 52)=0.825, P = 0.439; Main effect of Day: F(10,290)=1.41, P = 0.238; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=2.33, P = 0.099; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.189, P = 0.903; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.161, P = 0.985; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.186, P = 0.980
Distanced Traveled Fig. 7F (Training) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,290)=2.33, P = 0.127; Main effect of Genotype: F(2, 290)=0.233, P = 0.792; Main effect of Day: F(6,290)=28.42, P < 1.0 E-10; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=3.10, P < 0.04; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(6,290)=3.86, P < 0.0009; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(12, 290)=0.512, P = 0.906; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(12, 290)=0.577, P =0.859
Distanced Traveled Fig. 7F (Reversal) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way rmANOVA; No Main effect of Sex: F(1,168)=1.43, P = 0.233 Main effect of Genotype: F(2,168)=0.325, P = 0.722; Main effect of Day: F(3,168)=0.70, P = 0.552; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,168)=2.01, P = 0.137; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(6,168)=2.71, P < 0.046; Genotype × Day Interaction: F(6,168)=0.209, P = 0.973; Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(6, 168)=1.45, P = 0.196
%Thigmotaxis Fig. 7G (Training) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=4.59, P < 0.032; Main effect of Genotype: F(1,52)=7.30, P < 0.00081; Main effect of Day: F(10,290)=68.76, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,290)=1.33, P = 0.26; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=4.20, P < 0.00045; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=1.71, P = 0.06; No main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.58, P = 0.85
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.902; WT vs. KO: P = 0.114; HET vs. KO: P = 0.357
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.996; WT vs. KO: P = 0.375; HET vs. KO: P = 0.328
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P = 0.620; HET: P = 0.33; KO: P = 0.16
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.986, WT vs. KO: P < 0.00292, HET vs. KO: P < 0.0089
%Thigmotaxis Fig. 7G (Reversal) Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way ANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=1.559, P = 0.213;Main effect of Genotype: F(2, 52)=0.164, P = 0.848; Main effect of Day: F(10,290)=17.50, P < 6.192E-10; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=0.484, P = 0.616; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=5.481, P < 0.0012; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.576, P = 0.74; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=1.481, P = 0.187
Probe trial % Time in Quadrant Fig. 7H Sex, Genotype & Quadrant 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,168)=4.25E-07, P = 0.99; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,168)=0.00001, P = 0.99; Main effect of Quadrant: F(3,168)=94.07, P < 0.00000001; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,168)=0.00007, P = 0.99; Main effect of Sex × Quadrant Interaction: F(3,168)=0.192, P = 0.901; Main effect of Genotype × Quadrant Interaction: F(3,168)=2.43, P < 0.028; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Quadrant Interaction: F(3,168)=0.44, P = 0.848
Planned Comparisons (Quadrant) WT: Target vs. Opposite P < 1.06E-09, Target vs. Right P < 3.05E-10, Target vs. Left P < 4.30E-05; HET: Target vs. Opposite P < 4.17E-06, Target vs. Right P < 4.13E-08, Target vs. Left P = 0.179; KO: Target vs. Opposite P < 2.633E-07, Target vs. Right P < 1.98E-07, Target vs. Left P = 0.055
Reversal Probe trail % Time in Quadrant Fig. 7I Sex, Genotype & Quadrant 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,168)=7.04E-07, P = 0.99; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,160)=3.84E-08, P = 0.99; Main effect of Quadrant: F(3,168)=42.51, P < 0.0000001; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,168)=0.00001, P = 0.99; Sex × Quadrant Interaction: F(3,168)=0.579, P = 0.629; Main effect of Genotype × Quadrant Interaction: F(6,168)=2.53, P < 0.022; Sex × Genotype × Quadrant Interaction: F(6,168)=3.38, P = 0.0035
Planned Comparisons (Quadrant) WT: Target vs. Opposite P < 1.06E-09, Target vs. Right P < 3.05E-10, Target vs. Left P < 4.30E-05; HET: Target vs. Opposite P < 4.17E-06, Target vs. Right P < 4.13E-08, Target vs. Left P = 0.179; KO: Target vs. Opposite P < 2.633E-07, Target vs. Right P < 1.98E-07, Target vs. Left P = 0.055
Visible Platform Latency to Platform (s) Fig. 7J Sex, Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,168)=0.251, P = 0.618; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,160)=2.07, P = 0.13; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,168)=1.312, P = 0.279
Acoustic Startle Threshold, Prepulse Inhibition, Fear Conditioning Fig.
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Acoustic Startle Threshold Startle Response Fig. A Sex, Genotype, Decibel 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,300)=0.05, P = 0.818; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,300)=0.351, P = 0.704; Main effect of Decibel: F(2,300)=32.48, P < 0.0000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,300)=1.00, P = 0.366; Main effect of Sex × Decibel Interaction: F(2, 300)=0.0181, P = 0.99; Main effect of Genotype × Decibel Interaction: F(10,300)=0.07, P = 0.99; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Target Interaction: F(10,300)=0.256, P = 0.98
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Prepulse Inhibition Initial Startle Response 1st 6 Fig. Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,50)=0.06, P = 0.803; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,50)=1.14, P = 0.32; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=0.658, P = 0.521
Initial Startle Middle 12 Responses Fig. Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,162)=0.07, P = 0.787; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,162)=3.56, P < 0.030; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,162)=0.729, P = 0.483
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P = 0.201, WT vs. KO: P < 0.030, HET vs. KO: P = 0.811
Initial Startle Middle 12 Responses Fig. Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,50)=0.0067, P = 0.934; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,50)=1.02, P = 0.365; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=0.310, P = 0.734
% Inhibition Fig. Sex, Genotype & Day 3-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,52)=2.42, P = 0.12; Main effect of Genotype: F(2, 52)=0.25, P = 0.77; Main effect of Day: F(10,290)=25.33, P < 0.000001; Main effect of Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,52)=5.83, P < 0.0032; Main effect of Sex × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=2.85, P < 0.01; Main effect of Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=0.82, P = 0.62; Main effect of Sex × Genotype × Day Interaction: F(10,290)=50.23, P = 0.99
N = 20 WT, 16 HET, 20 KO Fear Conditioning Training: Pre-shock% Freezing Sex & Genotype Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=0.479, P = 0.622
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Genotype) WT vs. HET: P < 0.014, WT vs. KO: P = 0.577, HET vs. KO: P = 0.131
Training: Immediate post-shock% Freezing Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,50)=17.87, P < 0.0001; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,50)=0.834, P = 0.440; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=0.685, P = 0.508
of means (Sex: Female) WT vs. HET: P = 0.557; WT vs. KO: P = 0.252; HET vs. KO: P = 0.852
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Male) WT vs. HET: P = 0.951; WT vs. KO: P = 0.999; HET vs. KO: P = 0.938
Post hoc Scheffe contrast of means (Sex: Female vs. Male) WT: P = 0.160; HET: P < 0.009; KO: P < 0.002
Test: Pre-cue % Freezing Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,50)=3.91, P = 0.0533; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,50)=1.40, P = 0.255; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=1.181, P = 0.315
Test: Cue % Freezing Sex & Genotype 2-way rmANOVA; Main effect of Sex: F(1,50)=1.262, P = 0.266; Main effect of Genotype: F(2,50)=2.246, P = 0.116; Sex × Genotype Interaction: F(2,50)=0.396, P = 0.674