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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 5.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Aug 12;57(2):215–225. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2014.08.003

Table 1.

Echocardiograpic Diagnostic Criteria for AS

Diagnostic Criteria Echo measurements Limitations
AVA <1 cm2 LVOT area*, AV VTI with CW,
LVOT gradient with PW		 LVOT diameter if
incorrect can cause
large error in AVA.
AVA index < 0.6 cm2/m2 Divide the AVA by BSA Weight used is not ideal
body weight
Peak jet velocity >4 m/s CW through aortic valve CW Doppler must be
aligned correctly
Mean gradient > 40 mmHg AV CW using Bernoulli equation Same as above
Dimension less index

(Velocity ratio) < 0.25 		Velocity ratio = V·LVOT/V·AS Cannot take into
account individual
variations in LVOT size
Aortic valve planimetry Direct measurement of area on
2D/3D echo		 Limited and rarely used
in 2D echo due to aortic
calcification leading to
reverberation of signal.

(AV = aortic valve, BSA = Body surface area, VTI = velocity time integral, LVOT= left ventricular outflow tract, Bernoulli equation is ΔP = 4v2)

*

AVA calculated from LVOT diameter.