Table 1.
Decmographic and disease characteristics of research subjects, stratified by neurocognitive impairment status
| Groups
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV−MAD− (N=12) | HIV−MAD+ (N=25) | HIV+MAD− (N=29) | HIV+MAD+ (N=34) | P-value | |
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 42.3±9.4 | 38.7±9.4 | 39.1±8.6 | 37.1±7.3 | 0.33 |
| Sex (women, %) | 25.0 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 0.04 |
| Ethnicity (White, %) | 50.0 | 60.0 | 71.4 | 67.6 | 0.57 |
| Education (years, mean ± SD) | 12.1±2.1 | 12.4±2.0 | 12.9±1.4 | 13.5±2.1 | 0.08 |
| HCV serostatus (positive, %) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – |
| Global neurocognitive impairment (%) | 16.7 | 27.6 | 44.0 | 20.6 | 0.19 |
| Antidepressant use (%) | 0.0 | 20.0 | 41.4 | 47.1 | 0.002 |
| FGF-1, CSF (mean ± SD, pg/mL) | 418.0±497 | 47.1±35.5 | 91.6±131.8 | 92.4±151.4 | 0.003 |
| FGF-2, CSF (mean ± SD, pg/mL) | 6.8±1.2 | 12.2±5.5 | 7.8±3.2 | 11.2±7.5 | 0.001 |
| MCP-1, CSF (mean ± SD, pg/mL) | 706.2±347.0 | 443.2±142.7 | 700.9±307.7 | 621.3±421.9 | 0.002 |
| Neopterin, CSF (mean ± SD, pg/mL) | 8.1±6.6 | 6.6±2.9 | 13.9±12.5 | 10.3±7.2 | 0.005 |
| Current CD4+ T-cell count (mean ± SD, μL−1) | NA | NA | 530±269 | 481±279 | 0.48 |
| Nadir CD4+ T-cell count (mean ± SD,/μL−1) | NA | NA | 263±225 | 311±216 | 0.39 |
| AIDS (with diagnosis, %) | NA | NA | 51.7 | 32.4 | 0.12 |
| Current ART use (%) | NA | NA | 65.5 | 44.1 | 0.13 |
| Among those taking ART | |||||
| CPE (mean ± SD) | NA | NA | 7.3±2.5 | 7.7±2.2 | 0.67 |
| HIV RNA, plasma (% <50 c/mL) | NA | NA | 73.7 | 26.7 | 0.01 |
| HIV RNA, CSF (% <50 c/mL, n=60) | NA | NA | 94.4 | 57.1 | 0.03 |
Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; ART, antiretroviral therapy; CPE, CNS penetration score; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MAD, methamphetamine dependence; MCP, monocyte chemotactic protein; NA, not applicable; RNA, ribonucleic acid; SD, standard deviation.