Table 1. Description of data used to study the effects of various risk factors on the duration of hot flashes in US women aged 45–54.
Parameter | Level | Women with hot flashes | Women with observed end to hot flashes | Mean duration of hot flashes (range) in years | Mean time to peak severity (range) in years | p-value* for duration | p-value† for time to peak severity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race | White | 421 | 164 | 2.32 (1–25) | 2.75 (0–20) | 0.06 | 0.08 |
Non-White | 224 | 73 | 2.93 (1–29) | 3.5 (0–14) | |||
Education | Graduated College | 404 | 156 | 2.32 (1–29) | 2.96 (0–20) | 0.03 | 0.38 |
Did Not Graduate College | 241 | 81 | 2.83 (1–26) | 2.98 (0–20) | |||
Ever Pregnant | Yes | 574 | 208 | 2.54 (1–29) | 2.93 (0–20) | 0.21 | 0.52 |
No | 72 | 30 | 2.23 (1–18) | 3.25 (0–16) | |||
Menopause Status‡ | Pre | 339 | 133 | 2.23 (1–25) | 2.53 (0–15) | <0.001 | 0.16 |
Peri | 483 | 80 | 2.58 (1–29) | 3.07 (0–20) | |||
Post | 236 | 24 | 3.88 (1–12) | 4.12 (0–18) | |||
Smoking‡ | Current | 151 | 18 | 3.89 (1–29) | 3.05 (0–20) | 0.002 | 0.92 |
Former | 369 | 86 | 2.52 (1–26) | 2.95 (0–20) | |||
Never | 467 | 134 | 2.31 (1–25) | 2.97 (0–19) | |||
BMI‡ | <25 | 376 | 95 | 2.48 (1–29) | 2.42 (0–19) | <0.001 | 0.02 |
25–30 | 314 | 72 | 2.36 (1–26) | 3.33 (0–20) | |||
>30 | 366 | 71 | 2.68 (1–25) | 3.35 (0–19) | |||
Alcohol Consumed‡ | ≥12 Drinks/ Year | 536 | 171 | 2.44 (1–29) | 2.47 (0–20) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
<12 Drinks/ Year | 291 | 48 | 3.12 (1–25) | 4.78 (0–20) | |||
Leisure Activity‡ | Much Less | 51 | 9 | 1.22 (1–3) | 4.33 (0–14) | 0.03 | 0.82 |
Less | 190 | 39 | 1.92 (1–14) | 2.82 (0–20) | |||
As Much | 251 | 59 | 1.78 (1–12) | 3.13 (0–19) | |||
More | 176 | 36 | 1.86 (1–26) | 3.61 (0–11) | |||
Much More | 66 | 19 | 1.16 (1–3) | 1.81 (0–19) | |||
Work Activity‡ | Much Less | 116 | 25 | 1.92 (1–13) | 3.54 (0–11) | 0.76 | 0.21 |
Less | 244 | 56 | 1.96 (1–14) | 3.12 (0–14) | |||
As Much | 235 | 53 | 1.57 (1–26) | 3.1 (0–20) | |||
More | 91 | 16 | 2.12 (1–7) | 3.22 (0–19) | |||
Much More | 24 | 8 | 1.62 (1–6) | 2.18 (0–12) | |||
Estradiol Levels‡^# | <42 | 493 | 110 | 2.2 (1–13) | 3.11 (0–20) | <0.001 | 0.10 |
≥42 | 427 | 128 | 2.77 (1–29) | 2.79 (0–20) | |||
Progesterone Levels‡**# | <0.2 | 497 | 92 | 2.35 (1–13) | 3.28 (0–19) | <0.001 | 0.09 |
≥0.2 | 442 | 146 | 2.6 (1–29) | 2.67 (0–20) | |||
Testosterone Levels‡** | <0.34 | 442 | 95 | 3.04 (1–29) | 3.07 (0–20) | 0.18 | 0.96 |
≥0.34 | 483 | 143 | 2.15 (1–26) | 2.9 (0–19) | |||
Total | 647 | 238 | 2.50 (1–29) | 2.97 (0–20) |
*p-values for duration are based on an accelerated failure time model with exponential distribution and interval censoring.
†p-values for time to peak severity are based on a linear regression model with baseline data for all covariates.
‡These parameters are time-dependent, and may vary throughout the study. Therefore, the sum of the number of women in each level of a parameter may be greater than the total number of women in the study.
**These parameters are included as continuous variables in the analysis; levels for this table were chosen based on the median value in the sample.
#These parameters were log-transformed for statistical analysis.