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. 2016 May 6;10:35. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00035

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Copyright © 2016 Naka and Adesnik.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic overview of major translaminar inhibitory circuits impinging on L5 PCs. (A) Inhibition arises from multiple types of interneurons outside of L5. In L1, 5HT3aR/Neurogliaform cells (NGCs, mustard) inhibit L5 PCs via volume release of GABA. In L2/3, SOM/Martinotti cells (green) and VIP cells (purple) target the apical dendrites of L5 PCs, while PV/basket cells (blue) synapse onto the perisomatic compartment via descending axons. In L6, translaminar PV/basket cells inhibit L5 PCs via ascending axons. (B) Excitatory translaminar pathways recruit L5 interneurons. Excitatory cells in L2/3, L4, and L6 can target PV/basket cells. Additionally, L2/3 PCs synapse onto L5 SOM/Martinotti cells.