Table 4.
Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard Analysis for All‐Cause Mortality in the Study Population
| Variable | Hazard Ratio | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Variables listed below entered in a stepwise fashiona | ||
| Age (10‐year increase) | 1.46 (1.12–1.92) | 0.003 |
| NYHA Class | 1.27 (1.05–1.54) | 0.03 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.72 (1.20–2.46) | <0.001 |
| Glomerular filtration rate (for every 10‐unit decrease) | 1.15 (1.08–1.22) | <0.001 |
| BNP (for every 10 pg/mL increase) | 1.16 (1.09–1.23) | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (for every unit worsening) | 1.13 (1.07–1.18) | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve surgery (time‐dependent covariate analysis) | 0.34 (0.23–0.48) | <0.001 |
| (B) STS score entered in the modelb | ||
| Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | <0.001 |
| BNP (for every 10 pg/mL increase) | 1.14 (1.08–1.22) | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (for every unit worsening) | 1.09 (1.04–1.15) | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve surgery (time‐dependent covariate analysis) | 0.34 (0.24–0.48) | <0.001 |
In Part (A), the following variables were considered for analysis: age, sex, symptoms, comorbidities, pacemaker, defibrillator, medications, indexed left ventricular mass and systolic dimension, left atrial volume index, ejection fraction, diastolic function, stroke volume index, aortic valve area, aortic valve mean gradient, aortic and mitral regurgitation, global longitudinal strain, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), aortic valve surgery, and type and time of surgery. NYHA indicates New York Heart Association.
In Part (B), variables that constitute STS score were not considered for analysis. Other variables are similar to Part (A). Because of collinearity, only stroke volume index (and not valvuloarterial impedance) was considered for the model. Results are similar if valvuloarterial impedance was considered.