Table 3.
Association Between Different Magnesium Groups and Markers of Potential Pathways
| Serum Magnesium Groups | Model 1 Mean Difference (95% CI)a | Model 2 Mean Difference (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|
| Carotid intima‐media thickness (in millimeters) | ||
| Low | 0.023 (0.015–0.030) | 0.013 (0.005–0.020) |
| Reference | Reference | Reference |
| High | −0.005 (−0.013 to 0.003) | −0.003 (−0.010 to 0.004) |
| QTc interval (in milliseconds)c | ||
| Low | 2.7 (1.6–3.9) | 1.8 (0.7–2.9) |
| Reference | Reference | Reference |
| High | 2.0 (0.9–3.1) | 2.2 (1.1–3.3) |
| QTc interval (in milliseconds), additionally adjusted for RR intervalc | ||
| Low | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 1.3 (0.3–2.3) |
| Reference | Reference | Reference |
| High | 1.5 (0.5–2.5) | 1.6 (0.6–2.6) |
| RR interval (in milliseconds)c | ||
| Low | −10.1 (−16.7 to −3.5) | −7.1 (−13.5 to −0.8) |
| Reference | Reference | Reference |
| High | −7.1 (−13.8 to −0.4) | −7.8 (−14.1 to −1.4) |
Low magnesium group ≤0.80 mmol/L, reference group 0.81 to 0.88 mmol/L, high magnesium group ≥0.89 mmol/L.
a
Adjusted for age and sex.
b
Model 1 additionally adjusted for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, history of diabetes mellitus, history of myocardial infarction, history of stroke, history of heart failure, smoking status, alcohol consumption, total/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and diuretic use.
c
In the analysis on ECG parameters, model 2 also includes adjustment for verapamil use, diltiazem use, β‐blocker use, digoxin use, anti‐arrhythmic drug use, and QT‐prolonging drug use.