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Transcription repression or activation mediated by RAR–RXR nuclear receptors. Coregulator binding can alter chromatin structure, aiding gene transcription or blockage via histone acetylation or deacetylation. (A) Transcriptional activation by coactivators NCOA and trithorax and histone acetylation by HAT proteins, in the presence of RA. (B) Transcriptional repression by corepressors NCOR, SMRT, LCOR, and RIP140 and histone deacetylation by HDAC proteins, in the absence of RA.
