Table 5.
Features of validated ADR prediction tools for elderly hospitalized patients
| Features | Onder et al49 (GerontoNet ADR risk score) | Tangiisuran et al48 (BADRI) model |
|---|---|---|
| Study design | ||
| Developmental stage | Retrospective cohort | Prospective cohort |
| Validation stage | Prospective cohort | Prospective cohort |
| Main outcome measure | ADR (6.5%) | ADR (12.5%) |
| Age of study participants (years) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) |
| 78 (7.2) | 85 (81–89) | |
| Most common ADRs | Cardiovascular and arrhythmic complications | – |
| Predictors of ADRs | ≥4 Comorbid conditions | ≥8 drugs |
| Heart failure | Hyperlipidemia | |
| Liver disease | Raised white cell count | |
| Number of drugs | Use of antidiabetic agents | |
| History of ADR | Length of stay ≥12 days | |
| Renal failure | ||
| Predictive ability of risk score (AUROC) | ||
| Developmental stage | 0.71 (95% CI 0.68–0.73) | 0.74 (95% CI 0.68–0.79) |
| Validation stage | 0.70 (95% CI 0.63–0.78) | 0.73 (95% CI 0.66–0.80) |
| Cutoff score | Between 3 and 4 | >1 |
| Sensitivity | 68% | 80% |
| Specificity | 65% | 55% |
Abbreviations: ADR, adverse drug reaction; AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range.