FIG 2.

Minicell production and enrichment. (A and B) Normal bacterial cell division (A) compared with abnormal division (B), resulting in minicell generation due to polar Z-ring placement (adapted from reference 41 with permission of the publisher). (C to E) Minicells are separated from typical rod-shaped cells through centrifugation; first, the larger rod-shaped cells are pelleted through a short low-speed spin, and then minicells are pelleted from the resulting supernatant fraction through a longer and higher-speed centrifugation.