FIG 1.
Timeline showing the times of sampling of blood and GI tract biopsy specimens from 6 SIV-infected rhesus macaques before and after antibiotic treatment and fecal microbial transplantation. The macaques were intrarectally challenged with 100,000 50% tissue culture infective doses of SIVMAC239x. ART consisted of subcutaneous tenofovir and emtricitabine and oral raltegravir. ABX consisted of vancomycin for 7 days, followed by a combination of vancomycin and enrofloxacin (Baytril) for 12 additional days. FMT consisted of administration of stool from SIV-negative rhesus macaques homogenized in PBS by gavage to the upper and lower GI tracts of the 6 SIV-infected rhesus macaques.