Table 2.

Clinical based studies of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) definitions and frequencies.

References	Location	n	Definition*	Population	Frequency
United States, Europe, and Australia
Akpek20, 1997	US	131	MG plugging, poor expressability	23–85 57% male Rosacea	78%
Galor21, 2013	US	263	MG plugging, poor meibum quality, telangiectasias	50–95 100% male	65%
Ghanem22, 2003	US	176	MG plugging, collarettes, telangiectasia	28–79 39% male Rosacea	46%
Hom19, 2005	US	398	Poor meibum quality	>10 years 50% male Hispanics	39%
Horwath-Winter23, 2003	Austria	97	MG plugging, poor expressability	30–90 20% male	33%
Asia
Basak24, 2012	India	3,023	Poor meibum quality	>30 years	32%
Shimazaki17, 1998	Japan	94	MG dropout	45–75 25% male Sjogrens	75%
Zhang18, 2003	China	115	MG plugging or dropout, poor meibum quality	11% Sjogren	35%

^*in at least one eye