Table 2.
Descriptive information about total sample and those with versus without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis
| Total sample (N = 222) | Clinical ASD diagnosis (N = 69) | No ASD diagnosis (N = 153) | Difference between ASD versus no-ASD p value* |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 169 (76.1 %) | 60 (87.0 %) | 109 (71.2 %) | 0.018 |
| Age in years | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 5.8 (4.6) | 3.9 (3.3) | 6.6 (3.9) | <0.00011 |
| Other clinical diagnoses | ||||
| ADHD, any sub-type | 58 (26.13 %) | 1 (1.4 %) | 57 (37.2 %) | <0.0001 |
| Speech delay/language disorder | 59 (26.58 %) | 4 (5.8 %) | 55 (36.0 %) | <0.0001 |
| Developmental coordination disorder | 43 (19.36 %) | 7 (10.1 %) | 36 (23.5 %) | 0.0314 |
| Learning disorder | 42 (18.92 %) | 2 (2.9 %) | 40 (26.1 %) | <0.0001 |
| Mood disorder | 2 (0.90 %) | 0 | 2 (1.3 %) | 0.8519 |
| Depression | 5 (2.25 %) | 0 | 5 (3.3 %) | 0.3029 |
| Anxiety disorder | 33 (14.86 %) | 3 (4.3 %) | 30 (19.6 %) | 0.0059 |
| Hearing or vision impairment | 3 (1.35 %) | 1 (1.4 %) | 2 (1.3 %) | 0.9324 |
| Genetic condition | 6 (2.70 %) | 2 (2.9 %) | 4 (2.6 %) | 0.9038 |
| Global developmental delay/intellectual disability | 24 (10.81 %) | 20 (29.0 %) | 15 (9.8 %) | 0.0006 |
| Other medical condition | 78 (35.14 %) | 13 (18.8 %) | 65 (42.5 %) | 0.0011 |
| Developmental/IQ scorea
Median (IQR) | ||||
| Full Scale IQ | 97.0 (22.0) | 96.0 (30) | 97.5 (20.8) | 0.62121 |
| Non-verbal IQ | 91.0 (22.0) | 87.5 (20.8) | 95.0 (19.0) | 0.09141 |
| Verbal IQ | 94.0 (24.0) | 87.0 (36.5) | 96.0 (21.3) | 0.09961 |
* Chi square was test statistic used unless otherwise indicated
1Wilcoxon rank-sum test used to assess for differences in groups
aDevelopmental/IQ score had some missing data; N = 105 subjects had Full Scale IQ data, N = 117 subjects had non-verbal IQ data, N = 129 subjects had verbal IQ data available
ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, IQR interquartile range, IQ intelligence quotient