Fig. 2. Attenuating effect of EA on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation in human dermal fibroblasts under UV-B irradiation.

Fibroblasts were subjected to fresh media with the varying concentrations (0, 5, 12 or 30 µmol/L) of EA for 30 min before irradiation. The intracellular ROS levels were determined using both DCFH-DA in a microplate fluorometer (A) and dihydrorhodamine 123 via confocal microscopic analysis (B). In A, ROS levels are represented as DCF fluorescence arbitrary units expressed as the percentage of control. In the lower panel of B, the ROS-associated fluorescent signals were quantified using Adobe Photoshop software. Data are presented as % of control versus the non-irradiated control (Mean±SD, n=3). ^*p<0.05; ^**p<0.01; ^***p<0.001 versus the non-treated control (UV-B irradiation alone).