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. 2016 May 9;6:25534. doi: 10.1038/srep25534

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(A) Estrone, (B) estriol, (C) 17β-estradiol, and (D) dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A significant reduction in estrone levels were measured in KC with increased DHEA-S levels and no variations in estriol and 17β-estradiol levels between HC and KC. (E–H) Breakdown of hormone levels based on gender. Statistical significance was determined using a Mann-Whitney two-tailed T-test with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. n ≥ 6 for all samples, with each n representing a different patient. All patient samples were analyzed for each hormone present, and only samples with concentrations within the range of the standard curve were plotted.