Table 2. Comparisons of covariate-adjusted mean of bone mineral density by quintiles of aMed scores.

	Quintiles of aMed scores					%Diff.b	P-Diff	P-trend
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5(highest)
aMed Score (range)	0–2	3	4	5	6–9
N (total 2371)	448	478	502	495	448
BMDa, g/cm2
Whole body
Model Ic	1.078 ± 0.005	1.089 ± 0.005	1.103 ± 0.004**	1.104 ± 0.004**	1.104 ± 0.005**	2.41	<0.001	<0.001
Model IId	1.081 ± 0.005	1.089 ± 0.004	1.104 ± 0.004**	1.102 ± 0.004**	1.102 ± 0.005*	1.94	<0.001	<0.001
Lumbar Spine L1-4
Model Ic	0.859 ± 0.007	0.879 ± 0.007	0.883 ± 0.006	0.892 ± 0.006**	0.893 ± 0.007**	3.96	0.003	<0.001
Model IId	0.864 ± 0.006	0.879 ± 0.006	0.886 ± 0.006	0.888 ± 0.006	0.890 ± 0.006*	3.01	0.030	0.003
Total Hip
Model Ic	0.817 ± 0.005	0.824 ± 0.005	0.837 ± 0.005*	0.843 ± 0.005**	0.847 ± 0.005***¶	3.67	<0.001	<0.001
Model IId	0.821 ± 0.005	0.824 ± 0.005	0.839 ± 0.004	0.839±0.005	0.844 ± 0.005**¶	2.80	0.001	<0.001
Femur neck
Model Ic	0.673 ± 0.005	0.684 ± 0.005	0.691 ± 0.005	0.700 ± 0.005**	0.699 ± 0.005**	3.86	<0.001	<0.001
Model IId	0.677 ± 0.005	0.685 ± 0.004	0.693 ± 0.004	0.697 ± 0.004*	0.696 ± 0.005*	2.81	0.008	<0.001
Trochanter
Model Ic	0.607 ± 0.004	0.613 ± 0.004	0.620 ± 0.004	0.623 ± 0.004*	0.628 ± 0.004**	3.86	0.002	<0.001
Model IId	0.610 ± 0.004	0.613 ± 0.004	0.621 ± 0.004	0.621 ± 0.004	0.626 ± 0.004*	2.62	0.018	0.001
Intertrochanter
Model Ic	0.978 ± 0.006	0.987 ± 0.006	1.005 ± 0.006*	1.011±0.006**	1.015 ± 0.006***¶	3.78	<0.001	<0.001
Model IId	0.983 ± 0.006	0.987 ± 0.006	1.008 ± 0.006*	1.006 ± 0.006*	1.011 ± 0.006**¶	2.85	0.001	<0.001
Ward’s triangle
Model Ic	0.491 ± 0.006	0.499 ± 0.006	0.509 ± 0.006	0.516 ± 0.006*	0.512 ± 0.006	4.28	0.016	0.002
Model IId	0.495 ± 0.006	0.500 ± 0.006	0.510 ± 0.005	0.513 ± 0.005	0.509 ± 0.006	2.83	0.137	0.024

^aMean ± SE.

^b%Diff: percentage difference = (Q5 − Q1)/Q1 × 100%.

^cModel I: adjusted for age and gender.

^dModel II: further adjusted for body mass index, martial status, education status, household income, smoking status, calcium supplements use, multivitamin use, physical activities, daily energy intake.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with Q1.

^¶p < 0.05,

compared with Q2.