Table 3. Comparisons of covariate-adjusted mean of bone mineral density by quintiles of aMed scores stratified by gender.

	quintiles of diet-quality scores					%Diff.b	P-Diff.	P-trend	P for interaction
	>Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5(highest)
aMed Score (range)	0–2	3	4	5	6–9
Men
N = 693	129	145	135	152	132
BMDa, g/cm2
Whole body	1.161 ± 0.009	1.175 ± 0.008	1.198 ± 0.009	1.180 ± 0.008	1.187 ± 0.009	2.24	0.042	0.037	0.489
Lumbar Spine L1-4	0.944 ± 0.013	0.955 ± 0.012	0.980 ± 0.012	0.957 ± 0.012	0.974 ± 0.013	3.18	0.227	0.124	0.338
Total Hip	0.892 ± 0.009	0.896 ± 0.009	0.921 ± 0.009	0.915 ± 0.009	0.918 ± 0.009	2.91	0.072	0.015	0.725
Femur neck	0.733 ± 0.009	0.742 ± 0.009	0.753 ± 0.009	0.755 ± 0.008	0.753 ± 0.009	2.73	0.344	0.066	0.964
Trochanter	0.658 ± 0.008	0.658 ± 0.008	0.676 ± 0.008	0.671 ± 0.007	0.675 ± 0.008	2.58	0.262	0.065	0.714
Intertrochanter	1.063 ± 0.011	1.070±0.011	1.102 ± 0.011	1.089±0.010	1.091 ± 0.011	2.63	0.079	0.034	0.752
Ward’s triangle	0.510 ± 0.011	0.510 ± 0.011	0.525 ± 0.011	0.526 ± 0.010	0.518 ± 0.011	1.59	0.723	0.382	0.968
Women
N = 1678	319	333	367	343	316
BMDa, g/cm2
Whole body	1.048 ± 0.005	1.055 ± 0.005	1.065 ± 0.005	1.069 ± 0.005	1.067 ± 0.005	1.81	0.023	0.002
Lumbar Spine L1-4	0.832 ± 0.007	0.850 ± 0.007	0.846 ± 0.007	0.859 ± 0.007	0.856 ± 0.007	2.88	0.069	0.012
Total Hip	0.793 ± 0.005	0.795 ± 0.005	0.805 ± 0.005	0.807 ± 0.005	0.813 ± 0.005	2.40	0.056	0.003
Femur neck	0.656 ± 0.005	0.662 ± 0.005	0.667 ± 0.005	0.672 ± 0.005	0.673 ± 0.005	2.59	0.090	0.006
Trochanter	0.591 ± 0.004	0.595 ± 0.004	0.598 ± 0.004	0.599 ± 0.004	0.607 ± 0.004	2.71	0.136	0.010
Intertrochanter	0.952 ± 0.007	0.954 ± 0.007	0.969 ± 0.006	0.971 ± 0.007	0.978 ± 0.007	2.73	0.026	0.001
Ward’s triangle	0.491 ± 0.007	0.496 ± 0.006	0.503 ± 0.006	0.506 ± 0.006	0.506 ± 0.007	3.05	0.379	0.052

All analyses were adjusted for age, body mass index, marital status, education status, household income, smoking status, calcium supplement use, multivitamin use, physical activity, and daily energy intake. For women, years since menopause and oral estrogen use were further adjusted.

^aMean ± SE.

^b%Diff.: percentage difference = (Q5 − Q1)/Q1 × 100%.