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. 2016 May 9;6:25648. doi: 10.1038/srep25648

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(a) EDS mapping for iodine and chlorine in the synthesized MAPbI₃ with an ethanol (top) or iso-propanol (bottom) solution. (b) Cross-sectional SEM image of a MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cell from the MAI/ethanol solution. (c) X-ray diffraction of MAPbI₃. (d) Absorption spectra for the synthesized MAPbI₃. (e) J-V characteristics of the MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cells. (f) Degradation of solar cells synthesized by ethanol or iso-propanol for the as-fabricated cells and cells after 30 days.