Table 2.
Agronomic and grain quality means measured on up to 45 near-isogenic pairs varying for presence of awns and representing four contrasting recurrent parents evaluated across multiple environments in multiple years
Values in parenthesis represent means for irrigated environments.
| Parameter | Days to anthesis (d) |
Plant height (cm) |
Lodging score (1– 9) |
Grain yield (t ha–1) |
Total biomass (t ha−1) |
Harvest index |
No. of grains (no. m–2) |
No. of spikes (no. m−2) |
Grains per spike (no. spike−1) |
Kernel weight (mg) |
Grain screenings (%) |
Test weight (kg.hectolitre-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All environments | ||||||||||||
| +Awns | 131 | 81 | 3.2 | 3.85 | 12.6 | 0.354 | 10048 | 336 | 29.9 | 38.3 | 3.69 | 80.2 |
| –Awns | 132 | 82 | 3.3 | 3.81 | 12.7 | 0.355 | 10392 | 339 | 30.6 | 36.7 | 4.53 | 79.7 |
| t test | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | * | ns | ** | ** | ** | * |
| Individual environment types | ||||||||||||
| (a)Australian rainfed/irrigated environments (n=45 NILs) | ||||||||||||
| +Awns | 129 (131) | 72 (91) | 2.3 (6.1) | 2.84 (6.27) | 7.90 (16.5) | 0.362 (0.381) | 7332 (15367) | 304 (336) | 24.1 (45.7) | 39.0 (40.8) | 4.90 (2.61) | 80.8 (80.0) |
| –Awns | 130 (131) | 73 (92) | 2.3 (6.1) | 2.74 (6.32) | 7.59 (16.2) | 0.361 (0.391) | 7385 (16247) | 305 (345) | 24.3 (47.1) | 37.1 (38.9) | 5.77 (3.22) | 80.3 (79.8) |
| t test | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (**) | ns (ns) | ns (*) | ** (**) | ** (**) | * (ns) |
| (b) Australian Managed Environment Facilities (n=16 NILs) | ||||||||||||
| +Awns | 133 (133) | 76 (77) | 1.9 (2.8) | 2.55 (2.91) | 8.16 (8.45) | 0.330 (0.349) | 7847 (7982) | 345 (328) | 23.3 (25.9) | 38.5 (40.9) | 4.52 (3.07) | 79.0 (80.9) |
| –Awns | 133 (132) | 76 (77) | 1.8 (2.9) | 2.52 (2.80) | 7.87 (8.36) | 0.336 (0.348) | 8101 (8566) | 344 (316) | 24.3 (27.4) | 36.8 (39.2) | 5.75 (3.51) | 78.6 (79.7) |
| t test | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | # (**) | ns (ns) | * (*) | ** (**) | ** (*) | * (**) |
| (c) Mexico (Obregon) (n=36 NILs) | ||||||||||||
| +Awns | 84 (77) | 83 (88) | – | 2.95 (5.26) | – | – | 10748 (12999) | – | – | 27.4 (41.3) | – | – |
| –Awns | 83 (77) | 85 (89) | – | 2.71 (5.23) | – | – | 11244 (13533) | – | – | 24.1 (38.7) | – | – |
| t test | ns (ns) | ns (ns) | * (ns) | # (**) | ** (**) | |||||||
#, *, **: Awned and awnletted means are statistically different at P=0.10, 0.05, and 0.01, respectively; ns denotes means are not statistically different at P=0.05.