Table 1.

Model input parameters, with their default values as derived from the literature or in this study

Symbol	Definition	Value	Source
α	Fraction of PSII activity in the bundle sheath	0.1	Chapman et al. (1980)
R m	Mitochondrial respiration in the mesophyll	0.5R d	von Caemmerer and Furbank (1999)
x	Fraction of ATP allocated to the C4 cycle	0.4	von Caemmerer and Furbank (1999)
K p25	Michaelis–Menten constant of PEPc for CO2 at 25 °C	40 μbar	Leegood and von Caemmerer (1989); Pfeffer and Peisker (1995)
K mC25	Michaelis–Menten constant of Rubisco for CO2 at 25 °C	485 μbar	Cousins et al. (2010)
K mO25	Michaelis–Menten constant of Rubisco for O2 at 25 °C	146 000 μbar	Cousins et al. (2010)
γ*25	Half the reciprocal of Rubisco specificity at 25 °C	0.0001747	Cousins et al. (2010)
E Vcmax	Activation energy for V cmax (maximum Rubisco activity)	53.4 kJ mol−1	Sage (2002); Kubien et al. (2003); Perdomo et al. (2015)
E γ*	Activation energy for γ*	27.4 kJ mol−1	Derived from data of Jordan and Ogren (1984)
E KmC	Activation energy for K mC	35.6 kJ mol−1	Perdomo et al. (2015)
E KmO	Activation energy for K mO	15.1 kJ mol−1	Derived from results of Perdomo et al. (2015)
E Vpmax	Activation energy for V pmax (maximum PEPc activity)	37.0 kJ mol−1	Derived from data of Chinthapalli et al. (2003)
D Vpmax	Deactivation energy for V pmax	214.5 kJ mol−1	Derived from data of Chinthapalli et al. (2003)
S Vpmax	Entropy term for V pmax	0.663 kJ K−1 mol−1	Derived from data of Chinthapalli et al. (2003)
E Kp	Activation energy for K p	68.1 kJ mol−1	Estimated in our report (see text)
E gm	Activation energy for g m (mesophyll conductance)	49.6 kJ mol−1	Bernacchi et al. (2002)
D gm	Deactivation energy for g m	437.4 kJ mol−1	Bernacchi et al. (2002)
S gm	Entropy term for g m	1.4 kJ K−1 mol−1	Bernacchi et al. (2002)

PEPc, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; PSII, photosystem II.