Table 1.
Cell wall composition in molar percentage of plant systems studied using nanoindentation
| Lolium SCCa (Smith and Stone, 1973a) | Lolium leaf epidermisb (Chesson et al., 1985) | Arabidopsis leafc (Pettolino et al., 2012) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cellulose | 15.7 | 38.8 | 29.7 |
| Xyloglucan | – | 10.9 | 10.5 |
| Mixed-linkage glucan | 47.6 | 6.3 | – |
| Pectin HG | } 4.7 | } ~14 | 25.5 |
| Pectin RG I | 9.2 | ||
| Xylan (including arabinoxylan and glucurono-arabinoxylan) | 30.0 | 26.7 | 6.4 |
| Mannan | – | + (Tr) | 3.2 |
| Arabinogalactans (AGI and AGII) | 1 | + (Tr) | 6 |
| Arabinans | – | ~1 | 2.3 |
| Others | ~5 | 3.3 (including galactans) | 7.2 |
Notations used: (~) approximate figures, (–) not detectable, +(Tr) trace amounts.
a Cell walls isolated from L. multiflorum endosperm grown in liquid suspension culture.
b Intact primary epidermis cell walls prepared from early cut leafs of L. multiflorum.
c De-starched A. thaliana leaf cell walls, alcohol-insoluble residue preparation.