Fig 1. Fluctuations on the rumen and cecum bacterial microbiota in lichen-fed Norwegian reindeer.

Mean values for the total 16S rRNA gene sequences assigned to each phylotype are displayed, with taxonomical classification down to genus level. Standard error (black lines) and statistical significance (asterisk symbol; p<0.05) obtained with permutation Welch’s t-test (9999 permutations) analysis are also included. Only samples from the same sampling site were used for statistical comparisons (i.e. rumen or cecum). Rumen sample from reindeer fed pellets (Rumen pellets) (red); Rumen-lichens (blue); Cecum pellets (green); Cecum lichens (orange).