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. 2016 May 10;10:136. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00136

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Long-term neuroplastic changes accommodate peripheral sensorineural hearing loss: Effects of hearing loss on the amplitude spectra of the envelope FFR of grand-averaged cABR representing the fundamental and lower harmonics of the vowel portion of a /dɑ/ stimulus under acoustical background conditions of noise or no noise. The fundamental and lower harmonics (F0 to H3) were together represented (A) significantly more strongly (denoted by **) in elderly individuals with mild-to-moderate sloping hearing loss (n = 15), than in elderly controls without such a loss (n = 15). Background noise (pink noise of signal-noise ratio 10 dB) exacerbated this effect (B). There was no hearing impairment-associated effect in higher harmonics. Arguably, hearing-impaired participants have learned to rely on lower-frequency speech cues, particularly in noise. With the same hearing-impaired listeners without amplification the pattern of significance replicated, though these effects were slightly weaker without amplification (not shown). Credit: Reprinted with permission from Anderson et al. (2013). Copyright © 2013, Acoustic Society of America.