Table 2.
Results of regression analyses
| EQ-5D utility | EQ-5D VAS | CAT score | SGRQ total score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | p-value | Estimate | p-value | Estimate | p-value | Estimate | p-value | ||
| COPD | Grade 4 | -0.13 | <0.0001 | -22.11 | <0.0001 | 7.92 | <0.0001 | 31.71 | <0.0001 |
| Grade 3 | -0.04 | 0.005 | -14.61 | <0.0001 | 4.98 | <0.0001 | 20.41 | <0.0001 | |
| Grade 2 | -0.006 | 0.69 | -5.67 | <0.0001 | 2.47 | <0.0001 | 10.28 | <0.0001 | |
| Grade 1 | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| Comorbidities | High number | -0.09 | <0.0001 | -5.75 | <0.0001 | 2.91 | <0.0001 | 7.90 | <0.0001 |
| Low number | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| Age | >74 years | -0.01 | 0.59 | -1.44 | 0.38 | -2.05 | 0.001 | 1.20 | 0.45 |
| 65 – 74 years | 0.01 | 0.36 | 1.04 | 0.43 | -1.55 | 0.002 | 0.23 | 0.86 | |
| 55 – 64 years | -0.001 | 0.97 | 0.26 | 0.84 | -0.60 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.84 | |
| <55 years | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| Sex | Female | -0.02 | 0.06 | 1.53 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.25 |
| Male | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| School education | Higher | 0.05 | <0.0001 | 3.08 | 0.003 | -1.77 | <0.0001 | -4.58 | <0.0001 |
| Secondary | 0.02 | 0.06 | 3.10 | 0.001 | -0.88 | 0.01 | -3.26 | 0.0002 | |
| Basic | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| Smoking status | Current smoker | -0.01 | 0.46 | -0.13 | 0.94 | 0.74 | 0.25 | 1.19 | 0.47 |
| Former smoker | -0.02 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.85 | 0.18 | 0.77 | 1.45 | 0.34 | |
| Never smoker | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||
| BMI | Overweight | -0.03 | 0.007 | -1.53 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.68 | 1.50 | 0.08 |
| Obese | -0.06 | <0.0001 | -4.68 | <0.0001 | 1.64 | <0.0001 | 6.40 | <0.0001 | |
| Underweight | 0.002 | 0.93 | -5.59 | 0.01 | 0.87 | 0.28 | 1.97 | 0.34 | |
| Normal weight | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | |||||