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. 2016 May 10;10:88. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00088

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Copyright © 2016 Muralidharan, Kuo, Jacob, Lourdesamy, Carvalho, Nicholson, Corradini and Smith.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cumulative mean (±SEM) weight of gravel burrowed vs. time curves for (A) Cohorts 1–3 rats administered a unilateral ip.l. injection of FCA (n = 11) or saline (n = 8), and (B) Cohorts 1–4 rats that underwent CCI (n = 21) or sham (n = 16) surgery. (C,D) Correlation between the degree of burrowing performance and mechanical hyperalgesia or mechanical allodynia for individual (C) FCA- and (D) CCI-rats tested. At days 2–10 following a unilateral i.pl. injection of FCA, there was a significant (P ≤ 0.05) temporal reduction in burrowing behavior compared with insignificant changes in the burrowing behavior of sham-rats. For CCI-rats, there was a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in the mean (±SEM) weight of gravel burrowed between days 2 and 14 post-CCI surgery c.f. the corresponding values for the sham-control rats. Significant correlation between burrowing performance and mechanical hyperalgesia was observed only on day 4/5 in FCA-rats, in contrast to the lack of significant correlation between burrowing behavior and the extent of mechanical allodynia in the ipsilateral hindpaws of CCI-rats. ^*P ≤ 0.05 (Two-way ANOVA, post-hoc: Bonferroni) relative to that observed in the corresponding groups of sham-control rats.