Kaplan–Meier survival curves of mice implanted with intracranial U87ΔEGFR glioma cells treated with PBS, cilengitide, RAMBO, or RAMBO and cilengitide combined. Athymic nude mice bearing intracranial U87ΔEGFR gliomas were treated with 0.5 × 105 pfu RAMBO at 7 days after tumor cell implantation. At 9 days after tumor cell implantation, cilengitide was administered 3 times per week intraperitoneally at 200 μg/100 μL PBS. The mice were then closely monitored for survival. There was a significant increase in the survival of mice treated with combination therapy compared to RAMBO or cilengitide monotherapy (median survival = 38.5, 29, and 19 days, respectively) (P < 0.005 and P < 0.001, respectively).