FIG 3.

(A) Proliferation of Raw macrophages stimulated with 10 μM sodium stibogluconate (Sb), solamargine (Sg), or solasonine (Sn). (B) Expression of NF-κB/AP-1 transcription factors in reporter cells treated with 10 μM sodium stibogluconate, solamargine, or solasonine or left untreated (control cells). (C and D) Nitric oxide levels in supernatants from LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages (C) or dendritic cells (D). Cells were cocultured with 10 μM stibogluconate, solamargine, or solasonine. Sham control cells stimulated with LPS/IFN-γ grew in culture medium with 2% DMSO (C and D). Data are expressed as means ± standard errors of the means.