TABLE 1.

Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of CR K. pneumoniae bloodstream infections

Patient	Age (yr) (sex)a	Underlying disease(s)b	McCabe and Jackson scorec	APACHE II scored	Time to BSI (days)e	Type of bacteremia	Source control (day)f	Duration of BSI (days)g	Time to initiation of therapy (h)h	Antimicrobial regimen (days of therapy)	MIC (μg/ml) fori:			Patient outcomej	Time to death in days
											Aminoglycoside	Carbapenem	Other
22	58 (F)	Lung transplant	3	13	17	Primary	Catheter removal (2)	1	87	Gentamicin (9)	1	NA	NA	Clinical success	Alive
29	28 (M)	Pancreatitis, DM	3	3	25	Primary	Catheter removal (1)	1	110	Gentamicin (14)	2	NA	NA	Clinical success	Alive
103	64 (M)	Parkinson's disease, cholangitis	3	19	16	Secondary abdominal	IR-guided drainage of pancreatic abscess (2)	1	65	Gentamicin (13)	0.5	NA	NA	Clinical success	Alive
140	45 (F)	Multivisceral transplant	3	17	0	Primary	Port and catheter removal (4)	7	114	Gentamicin + doripenem (21)	1	8	NA	Clinical success	Alive
88	85 (F)	Pancreatitis	3	8	4	Secondary abdominal	None	1	52	Gentamicin + ertapenem (14)	0.5	8	NA	Clinical success	Alive
116	56 (F)	Liver transplant	3	20	1	Secondary abdominal	Biliary stent removal (11)	1	64	Gentamicin + doripenem (14)	1	32	NA	Clinical success	Alive
117	55 (M)	Liver transplant	3	10	1	Secondary abdominal	None	1	67	Gentamicin + doripenem (10)	0.5	8	NA	Clinical success	Alive
79	53 (M)	ESRD	2	14	25	Secondary wound	Bedside debridement	1	22	Gentamicin + doripenem (14)	0.5	8	NA	Clinical success	Alive
138	63 (M)	AML, febrile neutropenia	3	14	48	Primary	Catheter removal (4)	2	36	Gentamicin + ciprofloxacin + meropenem (14)	0.5	2	Cipro, 0.06	Clinical success	Alive
144	33 (M)	Paraplegia	3	9	8	Primary	Catheter removal (2 and 7)	6	63	Gentamicin (3) + meropenem-RPX7009 (8)	0.5	8	NA	Clinical success	Alive
142	70 (M)	DM s/p cardiac arrest	2	29	1	Secondary respiratory tract	None	1	75	Gentamicin (7) + inhaled gent (7) meropenm (14)	0.5	2	NA	Clinical success	Alive
119	57 (M)	Kidney transplant	3	15	48	Secondary urinary tract	Foley catheter removed (1)	5	31	Gentamicin + doripenem (18)	1	4	NA	Clinical success	Alive
120	58 (M)	ESLD, CCA	2	16	3	Secondary abdominal	PTC catheter exchange (6)	2	60	Gentamicin + doripenem (15)	1	256	NA	Clinical success	33 (due to underlying disease)
69	69 (M)	HIV, Burkitt's lymphoma	2	26	12	Primary	None	1	59	Gentamicin (10) + colistin (8) + meropenem (12)	0.5	256	Colistin, 0.25	Clinical success	81 (due to Pseudomonas BSI)
66	74 (M)	CHF, DM	2	12	7	Primary	Catheter removal (3)	2	94	Gentamicin (6)	1	NA	NA	Clinical success	84 (due to underlying disease)
49	65 (M)	Liver transplant and ESRD	2	19	5	Primary	Catheter removal (2)	5	86	Gentamicin (14)	2	NA	NA	Clinical success	73 (due to underlying disease)
30	30 (M)	Lung transplant	3	21	72	Primary	Catheter removal (4)	3	95	Gentamicin (7)	0.25	NA	NA	Clinical success	564 (due to underlying disease)
121	32 (M)	Multivisceral transplant	3	11	91	Primary	Catheter exchange over wire (1), and then removed (3)	3	55	Gentamicin + doripenem (15)	0.5	256	NA	Clinical success	126 (due to relapse CR-K. pneumoniae BSI)
61	84 (F)	ESRD, chronic respiratory failure, CAD	2	35	1	Primary	Catheter removed (1)	1	4	Gentamicin + meropenem (5)	1	8	NA	Failure due to death	6
999	64 (M)	Liver transplant	3	15	3	Secondary abdominal	Biliary balloon dilation (2)	7	72	Gentamicin + doripenem (4)	4	8	NA	Failure due to death	7
127	54 (M)	Liver transplant and AML	1	17	8	Secondary urinary tract	None	3	70	Gentamicin + colistin + meropenem (5)	0.5	4	Colistin, 16	Failure due to death	8
89	67 (F)	Rheumatoid arthritis	1	16	10	Secondary abdominal	None	1	66	Gentamicin (6)	0.25	NA	NA	Failure due to death	9
37	85 (F)	Chronic respiratory failure and CAD	2	20	2	Primary	Catheter removal (1)	1	26	Gentamicin (5)	1	NA	NA	Failure due to death	10
78	57 (M)	Alcoholic cirrhosis	2	25	14	Secondary respiratory tract	None	1	55	Gentamicin + colistin + doripenem (7)	0.25	128	Colistin, 4	Failure due to death	10
64	62 (F)	Pancreatic CA	1	8	69	Secondary abdominal	None	1	97	Gentamicin (6)	1	NA	NA	Failure due to death	14
128	66 (M)	ESLD, ESRD	2	26	19	Secondary abdominal	Chronic cholecyctostomy tube	1	28	Gentamicin + doripenem (14)	0.5	128	NA	Failure due to death	19
74	61 (F)	ESRD	2	15	52	Secondary wound/bone	Multiple bedside debridements and wound vacuum	1	46	Gentamicin + meropenem (14)	0.5	128	NA	Failure due to death	22
131	73 (F)	Cholangiocarcinoma	2	26	3	Secondary abdominal	None	4	83	Amikacin + doripenem (23)	16	2	NA	Failure due to death	30
114	56 (M)	Liver transplant	3	25	1	Secondary abdominal	Biliary stent removal (2), biliary drainage and PTC catheter placement (12)	4	43	Gentamicin + doripenem (18)	1	16	NA	Failure due to persistent IAI	35
136	52 (M)	Pancreatic cancer	2	13	4	Primary	Port removed (2)	1	33	Gentamicin + meropenem (10)	1	8	NA	Failure due to recurrent BSI (day 20)	NAk
39	65 (M)	Liver transplant	2	18	1	Secondary abdominal	Balloon dilation of choledocojejunostomy to remove stone (6)	4	37	Gentamicin (10)	2	NA	NA	Failure due to recurrent BSI (day 10) and new IAI (day 11)	1,044
48	60 (M)	Liver transplant	2	22	61	Secondary abdominal	Abdominal washout (9)	11	127	Gentamicin + colistin + doripenem (8)	0.5	64	Colistin, 0.25	Failure due to persistent BSI requiring change of therapy	Alive
91	60 (M)	Pancreatitis	3	18	7	Secondary abdominal	Percutaneous drainage (3)	1	23	Gentamicin + doripenem (14)	0.5	16	NA	Failure due to persistent IAI requiring change of therapy	Alive

^aF, female; M, male.

^bDM, diabetes mellitus; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; s/p, status-post; ESLD, end-stage liver disease; CCA, cholangiocarcinoma; CHF, congestive heart failure; CAD, coronary artery disease; CA, cancer.

^cAs defined by the McCabe and Jackson classification of underlying diseases (16), where 1 = rapidly fatal, 2 = ultimately fatal, and 3 = nonfatal.

^dAt the onset of bloodstream infection.

^eTime from hospital admission to positive blood culture. BSI, bloodstream infection (bacteremia).

^fIR, infrared; PTC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.

^gDays of positive blood cultures.

^hTime from collection of blood culture to first dose of combination therapy.

ⁱNA, not available.

^jIAI, intra-abdominal infection.

^kDischarged to hospice, so date of death was not available.