Table 1.
Baseline and angiographic characteristics of the study lesions, classified according to use of antegrade dissection re-entry.
| Variable | Overall | Antegrade Dissection Re-entry |
Non-Antegrade Dissection Re-entry |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Characteristics | n=1288 | n=452 | n=836 | p |
| Age (years)* | 65.5±10.2 | 65.8±9.6 | 65.4±10.5 | 0.48 |
| Men (%) | 84.1 | 88.0 | 82.0 | 0.005 |
| Hypertension (%) | 89.5 | 90.5 | 89.0 | 0.40 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 94.3 | 95.5 | 93.6 | 0.16 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 45.0 | 46.1 | 44.3 | 0.55 |
| Smoking (%) | 28.9 | 31.3 | 27.8 | 0.33 |
| Heart failure (%) | 28.0 | 31.4 | 26.2 | 0.05 |
| History of MI (%) | 41.8 | 44.0 | 40.6 | 0.25 |
| History of CABG (%) | 34.3 | 38.0 | 32.3 | 0.04 |
| History of stroke (%) | 11.0 | 10.8 | 64.8 | 0.86 |
| Prior PCI (%) | 64.9 | 65.0 | 64.8 | 0.93 |
| Prior CTO PCI failure (%) | 17.8 | 20.7 | 16.0 | 0.04 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (%) |
15.4 | 17.6 | 14.3 | 0.12 |
|
Angiographic
Characteristics |
n=1313 | n=458 | n=855 | p |
| CTO target vessel | <0.001 | |||
| RCA (%) | 56.9 | 64.3 | 53 | |
| LCX (%) | 19.8 | 14.2 | 22.8 | |
| LAD (%) | 23.3 | 21.5 | 24.2 | |
| CTO length(mm)* | 30 (20-45) | 30 (22-50) | 28 (18-40) | <0.001 |
| Interventional collaterals (%) |
60.4 | 54.4 | 63.9 | 0.004 |
| Moderate/severe calcification (%) |
58.2 | 60.8 | 56.7 | 0.17 |
| Moderate/severe tortuosity (%) |
35.4 | 39.6 | 33 | 0.02 |
| Proximal cap ambiguity (%) |
31.3 | 28.7 | 32.8 | 0.19 |
| In-stent restenosis (%) | 14 | 13.5 | 14.4 | 0.64 |
| J-CTO score* | 2.6±1.2 | 2.8±1.2 | 2.4±1.2 | <0.001 |
| PROGRESS CTO score* | 1.2±1.0 | 1.3±1.1 | 1.2±1.0 | 0.26 |
CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention
*
mean±standard deviation or median (interquartile range).