Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics in the African American-Diabetes Heart Study sample.
| Variable | Men (n=238)
|
Women (n=314)
|
Combined (n=552)
|
p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Median | Mean | SD | Median | Mean | SD | Median | ||
| Age (years) | 55.6 | 10.0 | 55.0 | 55.4 | 9.3 | 55.0 | 55.5 | 9.6 | 55.0 | 0.80 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.9 | 7.5 | 31.6 | 37.8 | 9.4 | 36.8 | 35.6 | 8.9 | 34.0 | <0.00010 |
| 25 hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL) | 19.5 | 10.4 | 18.0 | 20.9 | 12.9 | 17.0 | 20.3 | 11.9 | 18.0 | 0.22 |
| 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (pg/mL) | 44.7 | 17.3 | 42.0 | 47.3 | 17.0 | 45.3 | 46.2 | 17.1 | 43.6 | 0.12 |
| Vitamin D binding protein (μg/mL) | 94.3 | 79.1 | 58.8 | 79.7 | 61.7 | 52.5 | 86.2 | 70.3 | 55.5 | 0.023 |
| Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/mL) | 50.8 | 26.6 | 45.0 | 58.9 | 31.8 | 51.0 | 55.4 | 29.9 | 48.0 | 0.0030 |
| Thoracic vBMD (mg/cm3) | 202.0 | 49.1 | 199.0 | 207.8 | 54.3 | 205.3 | 205.2 | 52.1 | 204.5 | 0.23 |
| Lumbar vBMD (mg/cm3) | 178.9 | 43.6 | 178.8 | 179.9 | 48.5 | 176.8 | 179.5 | 46.4 | 178.4 | 0.82 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 10.0 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 7.6 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 1.00 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, %) | 8.3 | 2.0 | 7.9 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 2.0 | 7.7 | 0.093 |
| High sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.76 | 1.13 | 0.31 | 1.30 | 1.94 | 0.69 | 1.06 | 1.65 | 0.50 | 0.00050 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 159.7 | 73.0 | 139.0 | 142.1 | 56.5 | 129.0 | 149.9 | 64.9 | 134.0 | 0.0029 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 104.29 | 38.68 | 101.00 | 108.94 | 37.30 | 100.00 | 106.88 | 37.95 | 100.00 | 0.18 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 44.7 | 12.2 | 43.0 | 50.4 | 13.9 | 48.0 | 47.9 | 13.5 | 46.0 | <0.00010 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 139.7 | 170.7 | 108.0 | 118.4 | 88.0 | 97.5 | 127.9 | 131.6 | 102.0 | 0.076 |
| ACE inhibitor use (%) | 43.58% | 38.24% | 40.98% | 0.23 | ||||||
| Current smoker (%) | 27.06% | 20.96% | 24.52% | 0.0045 | ||||||
| Past Smoker (%) | 40.83% | 30.51% | 36.95% | 0.00080 | ||||||
| Hypertension (%) | 83.49% | 84.93% | 84.06% | 0.66 | ||||||
| Lipid-lowering medications (%) | 48.62% | 51.10% | 48.16% | 0.59 | ||||||
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; BMI, body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; CAC, coronary artery calcified plaque; SD, standard deviation; vBMD, volumetric bone mineral density.