. 2016 May 11;6:25878. doi: 10.1038/srep25878

Table 2. Serum steroid levels.

	Male Controls (n = 12)	Female Controls (n = 16)	Male Depression (n = 10)	Female Depression (n = 13)	Kruskal–Wallis test	Dunn’s test
E2 (pg/mL)	15.87 ± 5.56	2.24 ± 1.39	21.23 ± 8.20	2.08 ± 1.36	H = 18.80df = 3p = 1.87 × 10⁻⁷	M/C vs. F/C (p < 0.01)
E2 (pg/mL)	15.87 ± 5.56	2.24 ± 1.39	21.23 ± 8.20	2.08 ± 1.36	H = 18.80df = 3p = 1.87 × 10⁻⁷	M/D vs. F/D (p < 0.001)
DHEA (ng/mL)	1.87 ± 0.65	2.24 ± 0.83	1.36 ± 0.45	1.50 ± 1.29	H = 9.18df = 3p = 0.003	F/C vs. F/D (p < 0.001)
7α-OH-DHEA (pg/mL)	147.92 ± 67.59	133.31 ± 40.65	113.06 ± 54.28	116.87 ± 83.76	H = 2.81df = 3p = 0.203
3β Adiol (pg/mL)	25.08 ± 20.06	5.69 ± 7.31	22.23 ± 10.22	3.52 ± 3.41	H = 20.03df = 3p = 1.11 × 10⁻⁶	M/C vs. F/C (p < 0.01)M/D vs. F/D (p < 0.001)
Δ5-diol (ng/mL)	0.50 ± 0.31	0.23 ± 0.07	0.47 ± 0.18	0.16 ± 0.13	H = 19.15df = 3p = 1.67 × 10⁻⁵	M/C vs. F/C (p < 0.001)M/D vs. F/D (p < 0.05)
F (ng/mL)	103.30 ± 40.99	82.22 ± 26.87	106.96 ± 32.10	72.08 ± 19.59	H = 6.19df = 3p = 0.025	M/D vs. F/D (p < 0.05)

The values are shown as mean ± standard deviation. Four group mean comparisons of serum levels of each steroid were performed. Abbreviations: 3β Adiol, 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol; 7α-OH-DHEA, 7α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone; Δ5-diol, Androstenediol; DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone; E2, 17β-estradiol; F, cortisol; F/C, female controls; F/D, female depression group; M/C, male controls; M/D, male depression group.