Table 4.
Hazard ratios of diabetes mellitus by quartiles of FEV1%predicted in females: stratified by follow-up time (years) (n = 7416)
| follow-up time (years) (n = number of incident DM events) | Q4 (reference) | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | P value for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥106.67 | 96.13–106.67 | 85.14–96.12 | ≤85.13 | |||
| Overall follow-up time (n = 993) | Unadjusted risk | 1.00 | 1.34 (1.11–1.62)** | 1.40 (1.16–1.70)*** | 1.94 (1.62–2.33)*** | <0.001 |
| Adjusted riska | 1.00 | 1.26 (1.04–1.53)* | 1.26 (1.04–1.53)* | 1.45 (1.20–1.75)*** | <0.001 | |
| 0–10 years (n = 135) | Unadjusted risk | 1.00 | 2.19 (1.23–3.89)** | 2.09 (1.17–3.72)* | 2.77 (1.59–4.83)*** | 0.001 |
| Adjusted riska | 1.00 | 2.00 (1.12–3.58)* | 1.72 (0.95–3.11) | 1.68 (0.94–3.01) | 0.275 | |
| 10–20 years (n = 395) | Unadjusted risk | 1.00 | 1.38 (1.01–1.87)* | 1.44 (1.06–1.95)* | 2.00 (1.50–2.67)*** | <0.001 |
| Adjusted riska | 1.00 | 1.33 (0.98–1.81) | 1.37 (1.01–1.87)* | 1.51 (1.11–2.05)** | 0.012 | |
| 20–30 years (n = 419) | Unadjusted risk | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.85–1.50) | 1.33 (1.01–1.75)* | 1.73 (1.32–2.28)*** | <0.001 |
| Adjusted riska | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.78–1.39) | 1.16 (0.87–1.54) | 1.32 (0.99–1.76) | 0.043 | |
| >30 years (n = 44) | Unadjusted risk | 1.00 | 1.49 (0.60–3.69) | 0.73 (0.26–2.00) | 1.91 (0.78–4.70) | 0.355 |
| Adjusted riska | 1.00 | 1.58 (0.63–3.94) | 0.79 (0.28–2.20) | 2.35 (0.93–5.90) | 0.186 |
aAdjusted for: age, height, BMI, smoking status, ESR (log transformed), baseline glucose, cholesterol, physical activity, BP medication, social class, family history of diabetes, and alcohol abuse. *p <0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001. P value for trend calculated using cox regression models (1 d.f)