. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Bone Miner Res. 2016 Apr 8;31(5):911–924. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2828

Table 3.

Anti-VEGF and Anti-Angiogenic Treatments in Chondral Defect, Osteochondral Defect, Osteoarthritis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis Animal Models.

Treatment	Model	Results	Ref.
VEGF Inhibitor	OCD/CD	↑ cartilage repair	⁽¹³³⁾
	OA	↓ OA progression and pain	⁽⁵²⁾
	RA	↓ disease severity	^{(89,137–139,141–143)}
VEGFR Inhibitor	RA	↓ disease severity	^{(90,138,144,145)}
PPI-2458	OA	↓ OA progression and pain	⁽¹⁴⁹⁾
PPI-2458	RA	↓ disease severity	^(150,151)
TNP-470	RA	↓ disease severity	⁽¹⁵²⁾
TSP-1	OCD/CD	↑ cartilage repair	⁽¹⁵⁷⁾
	OA	↓ OA progression	⁽¹⁵⁸⁾
	RA	↓ disease severity	^(159,160)
Chm-1	OCD/CD	↑ cartilage repair	⁽¹²⁹⁾
Endostatin	RA	↓ disease severity	^{(168,170–173,188)}
Angiostatin	RA	↓ disease severity	⁽¹⁷⁸⁾
K1–5	RA	↓ disease severity	⁽¹⁷⁹⁾
ExTek	RA	↓ disease severity	⁽¹⁸⁰⁾
Suramin	OCD/CD	↑ cartilage repair	⁽¹⁸⁶⁾

Abbreviations: Chm-1: chondromodulin-1; CD: chondral defect; ExTek: soluble Tie-2 extracellular domain; K1–5: protease-activated kringles 1–5; OA: osteoarthritis; OCD: osteochondral defect; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.