TABLE 1.
Patient-level characteristics on presentation, by sex
| n | Total (N = 25,748) | Men (n = 19,923) | Women (n = 5,825) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 25,745 | 60.4 ± 12.1 | 59.3 ± 11.9 | 64.4 ± 11.7 | <0.001 |
| Nonresident Indian | 25,748 | 1,176 (6.7) | 1,322 (6.6) | 394 (6.8) | 0.730 |
| Education level | 25,748 | 0.146 | |||
| Illiterate | 25,748 | 14,412 (56.0) | 11,176 (56.1) | 3,236 (55.6) | |
| Lower primary | 25,748 | 1,123 (4.4) | 888 (4.5) | 235 (4.0) | |
| Upper primary | 25,748 | 1,695 (6.6) | 1,272 (6.4) | 423 (7.3) | |
| Secondary | 25,748 | 5,740 (22.3) | 4,455 (22.4) | 1,285 (22.1) | |
| Higher secondary | 25,748 | 2,766 (10.7) | 2,123 (10.7) | 643 (11.0) | |
| Degree | 25,748 | 12 (0.05) | 9 (0.05) | 9 (0.05) | |
| Occupation | 25,517 | <0.001 | |||
| Unemployed | 25,517 | 9,762 (38.3) | 6,691 (33.9) | 3,071 (53.4) | |
| Agriculture | 25,517 | 2,223 (8.7) | 1,892 (9.6) | 331 (5.8) | |
| Government | 25,517 | 2,064 (8.1) | 1,685 (8.5) | 379 (6.6) | |
| Professional | 25,517 | 137 (0.5) | 122 (0.6) | 15 (0.3) | |
| Business | 25,517 | 1,603 (6.3) | 1,530 (7.7) | 73 (1.3) | |
| Private sector | 25,517 | 1,589 (6.2) | 1,345 (6.8) | 244 (4.2) | |
| Skilled worker | 25,517 | 1,843 (7.2) | 1,659 (8.4) | 184 (3.2) | |
| Unskilled worker | 25,517 | 2,449 (9.6) | 2,125 (10.8) | 324 (5.6) | |
| Pensioners | 25,517 | 786 (3.1) | 665 (3.4) | 121 (2.1) | |
| Homemaker | 25,517 | 1,577 (6.2) | 921 (4.7) | 656 (11.4) | |
| Others | 25,517 | 1,067 (4.2) | 771 (3.9) | 296 (5.2) | |
| Key risk factors | |||||
| History of diabetes | 25,748 | 9,683 (37.6) | 7,462 (37.5) | 2,221 (38.1) | 0.350 |
| History of hypertension | 25,748 | 13,280 (51.6) | 10,354 (52.0) | 2,926 (50.2) | 0.020 |
| History of myocardial infarction |
25,748 | 3,655 (14.2) | 2,712 (13.6) | 943 (16.2) | <0.001 |
| History of stroke | 25,748 | 646 (2.5) | 514 (2.6) | 132 (2.3) | 0.178 |
| History of PCI/CABG | 25,748 | 73 (0.3) | 63 (0.3) | 10 (0.2) | 0.068 |
| Clinical features on presentation | |||||
| Transfer | 25,748 | 5,597 (21.7) | 4,149 (20.8) | 1,448 (24.9) | <0.001 |
| Chest pain | 25,748 | 22,037 (85.6) | 17,116 (85.9) | 4,921 (84.5) | 0.006 |
| Dyspnea | 25,748 | 2,843 (11.0) | 2,142 (10.8) | 701 (12.0) | 0.006 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 25,195 | 80.1 ± 19.5 | 80.1 ± 19.6 | 79.9 ± 19.2 | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 25,126 | 140.8 ± 30.0 | 140.9 ± 30.2 | 140.6 ± 29.6 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 25,123 | 86.6 ± 15.3 | 86.5 ± 15.3 | 86.6 ± 15.0 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25,671 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | 23.1 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.9 | |
| Hemoglobin, mg/dl | 21,545 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | |
| Creatinine >2 | 21,557 | 911 (4.2) | 720 (4.4) | 191 (3.8) | 0.378 |
| Killip class >1 | 13,793 | 2,996 (21.7) | 2,364 (21.7) | 632 (21.7) | 0.988 |
| Ejection fraction <30% | 17.084 | 260 (1.5) | 199 (1.5) | 61 (1.5) | 0.593 |
| Presence of left bundle branch block |
25,748 | 588 (2.3) | 433 (2.2) | 155 (2.7) | 0.028 |
| New diagnosis of STEMI | 25,748 | 9,569 (37.2) | 7,400 (37.1) | 2,169 (37.2) | 0.897 |
| Baseline medical therapy | |||||
| Aspirin | 25,748 | 4,106 (16.0) | 3,084 (15.5) | 1,022 (17.6) | <0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 25,748 | 3,934 (15.3) | 2,978 (15.0) | 956 (16.4) | 0.006 |
| Beta-blocker | 25,748 | 3,090 (12.0) | 2,340 (11.8) | 750 (12.9) | 0.020 |
| Statin | 25,748 | 2,941 (11.4) | 2,222 (11.2) | 719 (12.3) | 0.012 |
| ACE-I or ARB | 25,748 | 1,977 (7.7) | 1,472 (7.4) | 505 (8.7) | 0.001 |
| Nitrates | 25,748 | 2640 (10.3) | 1,991 (10.0) | 649 (11.1) | 0.011 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 25,748 | 1,079 (4.2) | 809 (4.1) | 270 (4.6) | 0.054 |
Values are mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.