Kaplan-Meier survival curves for A, melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA-5) positive versus MDA-5 negative, B, interstitial lung disease (ILD) versus no ILD, C, clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) versus classic dermatomyositis (DM), and D, MDA-5–positive CADM versus MDA-5–positive DM versus MDA-5–negative CADM versus MDA-5–negative DM. Anti–MDA-5 positivity was significantly associated with poor survival. CADM and ILD were not predictive of survival.