Table 3.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the interviewed sample and the PTSD cases identified by DSM-IV, ICD-10 and the proposed ICD-11 two- and three factor models
| PTSD cases by diagnostic system | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WHOLE SAMPLE | DSM-IV n = 43 (18.9 %) | ICD-10 n = 85 (37.3 %) | Two-factor ICD-11 n = 56 (24.6 %) | Three-factor ICD-11 n = 51 (22.4 %) | |||||
| N = 228 | χ 2/Fa | χ 2/Fa | χ 2/Fa | χ 2/Fa | |||||
| Sex, n (%) | 7.30** | 10.65** | 7.04** | 7.59** | |||||
| Male | 44 (19.3) | 2 (4.7) | 7 (8.2) | 4 (7.1) | 3 (5.9) | ||||
| Female | 184 (80.7) | 41 (95.3) | 78 (91.8) | 52 (92.9) | 48 (94.1) | ||||
| Age, M (SD) | 17.6 (3.7) | 17.2 (3.8) | .48 | 17.6 (3.9) | .04 | 17.6 (3.8) | .00 | 17.3 (3.8) | .35 |
| Range 12–30 years | |||||||||
| Study group, n (%) | .02 | .79 | .58 | .01 | |||||
| Jokela | 124 (54.4) | 23 (53.5) | 43 (50.6) | 28 (50.0) | 28 (54.9) | ||||
| Kauhajoki | 104 (45.6) | 20 (46.5) | 42 (49.4) | 28 (50.0) | 23 (45.1) | ||||
| Exposure, n (%) | 20.40*** | 16.51** | 19.89** | 20.93*** | |||||
| Mild-to-moderate | 55 (24.1) | 5 (11.6) | 10 (11.8) | 4 (7.1) | 3 (5.9) | ||||
| Significant | 124 (54.4) | 18 (41.9) | 48 (56.5) | 30 (53.6) | 27 (52.9) | ||||
| Severe-to-extreme | 49 (21.5) | 20 (46.5) | 27 (31.8) | 22 (39.3) | 21 (41.2) | ||||
| GAS, M (SD) | 75.9 (11.1) | 64.1 (11.6) | 78.96*** | 69.1 (11.8) | 65.18*** | 67.2 (12.0) | 53.86*** | 66.8 (11.8) | 51.84*** |
| GHQ-12, M (SD)b | 3.3 (3.3) | 6.5 (3.5) | 62.39*** | 4.7 (3.6) | 29.00*** | 6.1 (3.4) | 66.64*** | 5.9 (3.5) | 46.35*** |
| IES-22, M (SD)b | 29.2 (23.7) | 53.4 (25.0) | 68.60*** | 44.8 (24.9) | 73.37*** | 53.1 (22.2) | 104.83*** | 53.0 (23.0) | 85.04*** |
| Depression, n (%) | 20 (8.8) | 8 (18.6) | 6.40* | 15 (17.6) | 13.34*** | 11 (19.6) | 10.96** | 10 (19.6) | 9.64** |
| Anxiety disorder, n (%) | 23 (10.1) | 7 (16.3) | 2.24 | 12 (14.1) | 2.43 | 7 (12.5) | .48 | 6 (11.8) | .20 |
| Alcohol problem use, n (%) | 29 (12.8) | 6 (14.0) | .07 | 10 (11.8) | .13 | 8 (14.5) | .20 | 8 (15.7) | .50 |
aPTSD vs. no PTSD within the diagnostic classification system
breported four months after the incident
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001